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目的描述中国10县(市)单胎儿早产流行状况及长期变化趋势。方法资料来源于“中美预防出生缺陷和残疾合作项目”中的围产保健监测数据库。研究对象为3省10县(市)在1993—2005年间所有孕满28周且分娩单胎儿(包括死胎死产)的孕产妇542923名,计算早产率并描述其分布特征。结果1993—2005年间在10县(市)共发生早产25784例(其中死胎死产1530例),早产率为4.75%(95%CJ:4.69～4.81),活产儿早产率为4.49%(95%CI:4.44～4.55)。单胎早产率呈逐年下降趋势,无明显季节倾向;南方城市、南方农村和北方农村的早产率依次降低;分娩年龄与早产率呈“U”型关系;文化程度低、孕产次多、有早产史或自然流产史者早产率较高。结论10县(市)单胎早产率呈逐年下降趋势,不同地区差别显著。
Objective To describe the prevalence and long-term trends of single fetus preterm birth in 10 counties (cities) in China. The method information is from the Perinatal Health Monitoring Database in “Sino-US Preventing Birth Defects and Disability Cooperative Programs.” The study population included 542,923 pregnant women who were born in 10 counties (cities) of the three provinces during the period of 1993-2005 and who gave birth to a single fetus (including stillbirth). The preterm birth rates were calculated and their distribution characteristics were described. Results A total of 25,784 preterm births (1530 stillbirths) were reported in 10 counties (cities) during 1993-2005. The premature birth rate was 4.75% (95% CJ: 4.69-4.81) and the live birth rate was 4.49% (95% CI: 4.44 ~ 4.55). The rate of single birth premature birth showed a declining trend year by year, with no obvious seasonal tendency. The rates of premature birth in southern cities, southern rural areas and northern rural areas decreased in turn. The age of childbirth and premature birth rate were “U” type. , There is a history of premature birth or spontaneous abortion, a higher rate of premature birth. Conclusion The rate of singleton premature birth in 10 counties (cities) showed a downward trend year by year, with significant differences in different regions.