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目的探讨脑梗死患者康复期发生医院感染的临床特点和危险因素,并提出相应预防与控制对策,以降低医院感染的发生。方法对2007年7月-2011年7月住院的1518例患者资料进行回顾性分析,将可能导致感染发生的因素进行非条件logistic回归分析,以确定脑梗死患者康复期发生医院感染的独立危险因素。结果多因素logistic回归分析的结果显示,年龄(β=0.79,OR=2.20)、抗菌药物预防性应用(β=1.52,OR=4.57)、糖尿病史(β=1.76,OR=5.81)、意识障碍(β=1.65,OR=5.21)、吞咽困难(β=1.58,OR=4.85)及侵入性操作(β=3.15,OR=23.37)与脑梗死患者康复期医院感染的发生有着密切关系。结论康复期对于高龄、有糖尿病史和意识障碍等高危因素的脑梗死患者,应给予更密切观察及预防性处理,减少患者康复期医院感染的风险。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infections during convalescence in patients with cerebral infarction and to propose corresponding prevention and control strategies to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections. Methods The data of 1518 patients hospitalized from July 2007 to July 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was conducted on the factors that may lead to the occurrence of infection to determine the independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in patients with cerebral infarction . Results The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (β = 0.79, OR = 2.20), antimicrobial prophylaxis (β = 1.52, OR = 4.57), history of diabetes (β = 1.76, OR = (β = 1.65, OR = 5.21), difficulty in swallowing (β = 1.58, OR = 4.85) and invasive operation (β = 3.15, OR = 23.37) were closely related to the occurrence of nosocomial infection in the convalescent period of patients with cerebral infarction. Conclusions The convalescence period should be given more close observation and prophylactic treatment to patients with cerebral infarction who are at risk of high age, diabetes mellitus and disturbance of consciousness, so as to reduce the risk of nosocomial infection during convalescence.