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我国私家车数量的大幅增长及其对城市交通构成较大压力的客观现实不容忽视,交通治理从交通设施的大量供给视角转向需求的有效控制非常关键。私家车共乘行为这一微观个体的行为改变可以实现帕累托改进,并带来减少出行里程数等诸多益处,在国外已有较为成熟的发展经验。本文概述了欧洲和北美私家车共乘的缘起、发展历程和特征;对共乘行为带来的收益、参与成员的特征和驱动因素等方面的国内外相关文献进行了简要的梳理;进而从文化观念、法律、安全、保险等角度探讨了共乘行为在我国的实施难度并对我国进一步开展共乘实践进行了相关讨论。
The substantial increase of the number of private cars in our country and its objective reality that poses great pressure on urban transport can not be ignored. Traffic control is crucial from the perspective of mass supply of transport facilities to the effective control of demand. The behavior of private car sharing behavior of this micro-individuals can achieve Pareto improvement and bring many benefits such as reducing mileage and have more mature development experience in foreign countries. This paper gives an overview of the origins, development and characteristics of car sharing in Europe and North America. It also briefly reviews the domestic and foreign literature on the benefits brought by car sharing, the characteristics and drivers of participating members, Concept, law, safety, insurance and other aspects of the co-ride behavior in our country to implement the difficulty and to carry out our country to further carry out the ride-sharing practice were discussed.