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本文提出了一种用于分光光度分析的经验公式计算法,利用这种计算法能够在较大量干扰组分存在下测定某一组分。将该法用于对二甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯及乙基苯混合物中的对二甲苯、间二甲苯及乙基苯的单独测定,并用于铊、铋、铅混合物中的铅、铋的单独测定,所获得的结果与理论值能较好地吻合,相对误差一般小于±5％。方法简单而快速。若数种组分的吸收光谱曲线相互重迭,要用经典的吸光度法测定其中的一种组分是困难的。通过解联立方程式虽可以进行测定,但需要事先测出n~2(n为组分数)个吸收系数,操作和计算部混费事,尤其是当n≥4时。近代的方法是使用电子计算机解决矛盾方程式的最优解1—3]及使用双波长和三波长分光光度法[4—5]。本文就几种特例提出了一种经验公式计算法,它只要求测出被测组分在两个波长下的吸收系数(被测组分在最大吸收波长下的吸收系数及被测组分在任意一干扰组分最大吸收波长下的吸收系数)及各组分最大吸收波长处的吸光度,即可以计算被测组分的浓度。
In this paper, an empirical formula calculation method for spectrophotometric analysis is proposed, in which a certain component can be measured in the presence of a large number of interfering components. The method was applied to the separate determination of p-xylene, m-xylene and ethylbenzene in p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene and ethylbenzene mixture and used for the determination of lead in the mixture of thallium, bismuth and lead, Bismuth alone, the results obtained with the theoretical value can be better matched, the relative error is generally less than ± 5%. The method is simple and fast. If the absorption spectra of several components overlap each other, it is difficult to determine one of the components by classical absorbance spectroscopy. Although it is possible to measure by solving the simultaneous equations, it is necessary to measure n ~ 2 (n is the number of components) absorption coefficients in advance, and the operation and calculation unit are mixed, especially when n ≧ 4. The modern method is the use of electronic computers to solve the optimal solution of the contradiction equations 1-3] and the use of dual-wavelength and three-wavelength spectrophotometry [4-5]. In this paper, a few special cases proposed an empirical formula calculation method, which only requires measuring the absorption coefficient of the measured components at two wavelengths (absorption coefficient of the measured component at the maximum absorption wavelength and the measured component in The absorption coefficient at the maximum absorption wavelength of any interfering component) and the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength of each component, the concentration of the measured component can be calculated.