从1963年C.B.Laurell等最初报告以来,关于α_1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏与肺气肿之间的关系已很明确。现已知这种酶的缺乏是常染色体隐性基因遗传。这型肺气肿的发生比普通型早些。生理学特征通常是严重的原发性肺气肿,主要侵犯肺基底部。但酶缺乏与肺气肿之间的许多重要关系仍未解决。包括酶缺乏引起肺气肿的发生率、杂合子(抗胰蛋白酶含量中等)是否亦为肺气肿的易感者,以及吸烟、支气管炎、蛋白溶解酶或其他物质在肺病灶实际发展中所起的作用等。在“阻塞性肺病”中,酶缺乏的杂合子的真正发病率未明,因为慢性支气管炎与肺气肿 Since the initial report of C.B. Laurell et al. In 1963, the relationship between alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and emphysema has been well defined. It is known that the lack of this enzyme is autosomal recessive genetics. This type of emphysema occurred earlier than normal. Physiological characteristics are usually severe primary emphysema, mainly affecting the base of the lung. However, many important relationships between enzyme deficiency and emphysema remain unresolved. Including the incidence of emphysema due to lack of enzyme, whether susceptible individuals with heterozygotes (moderately antitrypsin) are also emphysema, and where smoking, bronchitis, proteolytic enzymes, or other substances are present in the actual development of lung lesions The role of starting. In Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, the true incidence of enzyme-deficient heterozygotes is unknown because of chronic bronchitis and emphysema