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目的 证实细胞外ATP对坐骨神经损伤后再生轴突的吸引性诱导作用。方法 将SD雌性大鼠制成 5mm长坐骨神经缺损的模型 ,用长双臂“Y”形硅胶管桥接神经。硅胶管单臂端与坐骨神经近端作套入缝合 ,与左侧坐骨神经缝接的硅胶管两端缝合封闭 ,硅胶管两臂内注入ATP的为实验组 ,注入生理盐水的为对照组。与右侧坐骨神经缝接的硅胶管两远端管中注入ATP的硅胶管与远端坐骨神经缝接。术后 4周、8周取材 ,肉眼观察神经纤维生长情况 ;并作光镜、电镜观察及病理图像分析 ,观察再生神经纤维的数目和形成髓鞘的厚度。结果 再生的神经轴突均长入含ATP的硅胶管内 ,生理盐水对照组内未见任何神经纤维长入。远端与坐骨神经缝合能增强ATP的轴突诱导作用 ,并具有促进再生神经轴突成熟的作用。结论 细胞外ATP具有很强的再生神经轴突诱导作用 ,并具有促进再生轴突成熟的作用
Objective To demonstrate the attractive induction of extracellular ATP on regenerative axon after sciatic nerve injury. Methods SD female rats were made into a model of 5mm long sciatic nerve defect. The long arms “Y” silicone tube was used to bridge the nerve. One end of the silicone tube was inserted into the proximal end of the sciatic nerve for suture closure, and both ends of the silicone tube sewn to the left sciatic nerve were sealed. The experimental group was injected with ATP into both arms of the silicone tube, and physiological saline was injected into the control group. And the right side of the sciatic nerve sutured silicone tube into the distal two distal tube of silicone tube and the distal sciatic nerve suture. After 4 weeks and 8 weeks after operation, the growth of nerve fibers was observed with naked eye. The number of regenerated nerve fibers and the thickness of myelin sheath were observed by light microscope, electron microscope and pathological image analysis. Results The regenerated axons were all grown into the silicone tube containing ATP. No nerve fibers grew in the saline control group. Suture between the distal and the sciatic nerve can enhance the axon induction of ATP and promote axonal maturation of regenerative nerve. Conclusion Extracellular ATP has a strong effect of inducing axonal regeneration and has the effect of promoting axon maturation