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激光推进的能量相似律,指确定的激光能量有与之相对应的最佳喷管尺寸,使得冲量耦合系数最大且不变的规律。用大气高度参数、入射的激光能量、喷管几何参数构造了无量纲因子,建立了圆锥形喷管在单脉冲条件和一维球对称点聚焦情况下的能量相似律。结果表明:当锥角固定时,冲量和冲量耦合系数存在极大值,极大值对应的无量纲因子仅与气体比热比相关;当无量纲因子固定时,冲量随入射激光能量增加而单调增大,冲量耦合系数则与能量无关。本文的研究结论和规律性认识,对目前可实现和以后工程化放大的激光能量范围,均能给出可信可靠的喷管优化尺寸。
The law of energy similarity of laser propulsion refers to the law of the maximum and constant invariance of the coupling coefficient of impulse with the optimum laser energy corresponding to it. The dimensionless factor is constructed by using the height parameter of the atmosphere, incident laser energy and geometric parameters of the nozzle, and the energy similarity law of the conical nozzle under single pulse condition and one-dimensional spherical symmetry point focusing condition is established. The results show that when the cone angle is fixed, the coupling coefficient between impulse and impulse has a maximum value, and the dimensionless factor corresponding to the maximum value is only related to the specific heat ratio of the gas. When the dimensionless factor is fixed, the impulse becomes monotonous with the increase of incident laser energy Increase, impulse coupling coefficient has nothing to do with the energy. The conclusions and regularity of the research in this paper can give credible and reliable nozzle optimization size for the range of laser energy that can be realized and later amplified.