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结合油菜播种农机、农艺要求,设计了油菜精量播种机排种器驱动系统,对播种机行距、播量和穴距等主要性能指标分别进行了分析计算.按照设计工作幅宽2 m、播种6行、种子发芽率85%,计算得:行距在330~400 mm之间可调;穴距在26 n~220 n(n为每穴种子数)之间可调.当分别取1、2、3粒/穴时,传动比分别在0.36~3.00、0.18~1.50、0.12~1.00之间可调;播量分别在150 600~349 710、301 200~699 420和451 800~1 049 130粒/hm2之间可调.取播种机前进速度为5 km/h,有最小真空度3.24 KPa.以秦油10号为试验用种,选用370 W的真空泵为气源,取播量为3 kg/hm2进行试验.结果表明,该油菜播种机试验考核播量与设计播量之间的误差为2.6%,播种均匀性变异系数为2.3%,实现了油菜籽精量排种.
According to the requirements of rapeseed sowing and agronomy, the rapeseed precision sowing machine seed metering device driving system was designed and the main performance indexes of sowing machine such as row spacing, sowing distance and hole distance were analyzed and calculated respectively.According to the designed working width of 2 m, 6 rows, germination rate of 85%, calculated: row spacing adjustable between 330 ~ 400 mm; hole distance in the range of 26 n ~ 220 n (n is the number of seeds per hole) , 3 grains / hole, the transmission ratio were adjustable between 0.36 ~ 3.00,0.18 ~ 1.50,0.12 ~ 1.00; sowing rates were 150 600 ~ 349 710,301 200 ~ 699 420 and 451 800 ~ 1 049 130 / hm2 Adjustable between the seeder forward speed of 5 km / h, a minimum degree of vacuum 3.24 KPa to Qin 10 for the test species, the choice of 370 W vacuum pump as the source of air, the seeding rate of 3 kg / hm2.The results showed that the error between the amount of sowing test and the sowing rate was 2.6% and the variation coefficient of sowing uniformity was 2.3%.