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大相岭隧道富水断层区段极易引起突水、突泥现象,具有很大施工风险,高位排水能够有效降低掌子面前方高水压力积聚程度。基于现场实测和动态流-固耦合数值力学方法,研究不同水位条件下高位排水工法与隧道稳定性之间关系,提出最优高位排水管分布方案。研究得出:大相岭隧道F6断层水压最高达到1.98 MPa,排水后可实现安全施工,衬砌背后水压降低至10 m左右,因此,防涌突水主要集中在掌子面开挖期;拱顶排水管排水量最大,越靠近拱脚的位置排水能力越差,从拱顶到拱脚呈下降趋势,应使拱顶附近排水管密度大于拱脚附近;实际施工中为更快达到均匀降水效果,应先对拱顶部位打设排水管,后对拱脚部位打设排水管;研究了排水管根数、排水量及掌子面挤出变形相互关系,从经济性和疏水加固效果出发,提出了排水管合理布置方法及建议参数,对富水断层隧道掌子面防突与塌方及运营隧道结构设计具有重要参考价值。
The Dafoxiang Tunnel Fushui Fault Section can easily cause water inrush and mud intrusion, which has great construction risk. High water drainage can effectively reduce the accumulation of high water pressure in front of the face. Based on field measurements and dynamic flow-solid coupling numerical mechanics, the relationship between high-level drainage method and tunnel stability under different water levels is studied, and the optimal high-level drainage pipe distribution scheme is proposed. The result shows that the water pressure of F6 fault in Daxiangling tunnel reaches up to 1.98 MPa, which can be safely constructed after drainage. The water pressure behind the lining is reduced to about 10 m. Therefore, inrush water mainly concentrates in the excavation period of face. The displacement of the vault drainage pipe is the largest. The closer the drainage pipe is to the arch foot, the worse the drainage capacity is from the vault to the arch foot. The density of the drainage pipe near the vault should be greater than that near the arch foot. In actual construction, Effect, the drainage pipe should be laid on the arch part first, then the drainage pipe should be laid on the arch foot part; the relationship between the number of drainage pipes, the displacement and extrusion deformation of the palm face is studied. Based on the economic and hydrophobic reinforcement effect, The reasonable layout of drainage pipes and the proposed parameters are put forward, which have important reference value for the prevention and collapse of tunnel face and the structural design of operating tunnel in Fushui fault tunnel.