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目的:探讨影响女大学生正常月经调节的因素。方法:对乐山市职业技术学院部分女大学生进行自测基础体温的调查,通过对3个月的基础体温结果分析,提出合理的保健意见。结果:被调查的女大学生月经初潮平均年龄(13.15±1.09)岁,平均月经周期30天,平均行经6天。发生月经失调的在校女学生298人,患病率37.25%。发生月经失调的原因:环境因素所占比例最高,为46.31%,明显高于生物、负性生活事件及无明显诱因等其他3个因素,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。正常月经组和月经失调组女学生的气质特征存在差异,表明月经失调与人的气质特征有一定的关系。结论:建立月经异常女大学生的健康档案可以发挥医科教师的优势,与校医、心理学教师共同开展月经生理和经期卫生知识的健康教育。
Objective: To explore the factors affecting the normal menstruation of female college students. Methods: Some female university students in Leshan Polytechnic Institute were surveyed for self-rated basic body temperature. Based on the results of 3-month basic body temperature analysis, reasonable health opinions were put forward. Results: The average age of menarche of female college students surveyed was (13.15 ± 1.09) years old, with an average menstrual cycle of 30 days, with an average of 6 days. There were 298 school-age female students who had menstrual disorders, with a prevalence of 37.25%. The causes of menstrual disorders: the highest proportion of environmental factors, 46.31%, significantly higher than the biological, negative life events and no other factors such as obvious incentive, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There are differences in the temperament characteristics between the normal menstruation group and the female students with menstrual disorders, indicating that menstrual disorders and temperament characteristics have a certain relationship. Conclusion: Establishing the health records of female students with abnormal menstruation can play the advantage of medical teachers and carry out health education of menstrual physiology and menstrual hygiene with teachers of school medicine and psychology.