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统计国内近10年公开报道的管道安全事故,分析得出外部风险因素是引起事故的主要原因,其中第三方施工破坏引起的事故占61%,人为影响(偷油盗气)引起的事故占10%,自然影响占7%。调查广东省主要油气管道项目投产以来所发生的事故,对广东大鹏天然气管道、华南成品油管道(湛江至广州段)、惠州-东莞成品油管道的安全事故进行统计分析,进一步证明了外部风险是国内油气管道的主要安全隐患。外部风险因素主要包括第三方施工破坏,自然影响(水灾、山洪、泥石流、地震等),人为影响(占压、打孔盗油偷气等),其中最主要的是第三方施工破坏。通过对其成因进行分析,提出了相关措施:明确政府与企业在管道安全风险管理中的角色责任,加强宣传,提高保护意识,建立联动机制,强化风险预控等。
According to the statistical reports of pipeline safety incidents reported in the past 10 years in our country, it is concluded that the external risk factors are the main causes of the accidents. Among them, the accidents caused by the destruction of third-party construction accounts for 61%, and the accidents caused by human influence %, Natural impact accounted for 7%. To investigate the accidents that have occurred since the main oil and gas pipeline project was put into operation in Guangdong Province and carry out statistical analysis on the safety accidents of Guangdong Dapeng Natural Gas Pipeline, South China Product Pipeline (Zhanjiang to Guangzhou Section) and Huizhou-Dongguan Product Oil Pipeline, which further proves that the external risk It is the main safety hazard of domestic oil and gas pipelines. External risk factors mainly include the destruction of third-party construction, natural impacts (floods, flash floods, debris flows, earthquakes, etc.) and human impacts (such as pressure and perforation). The most important of these are the destruction of third-party construction. Through the analysis of its causes, the paper put forward some measures to clarify the roles and responsibilities of the government and enterprises in the management of pipeline safety risks, strengthen publicity, raise awareness of protection, establish linkage mechanism and strengthen risk pre-control.