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Objective: To investigate the expression of C-Kit and PDGFRα and their correlation with chemotherapy resis-tance in ovarian serous carcinoma. Methods: We undertook SP immunohistochemical technique to examine the expression of C-Kit and PDGFRα in 59 cases with ovarian serous carcinomas, using archival paraffin-embedded specimens. Then we observed the correlation with chemotherapy resistance. Results: C-Kit and PDGFRα immunostainings were observed posi-tively expressed in 57.63% and 66.10% cases. C-Kit expression was statistically correlated with the progression of disease after first-line chemotherapy (P 0.05). There were great difference between of C-Kit and PDGFRa expressions in samples of different differentiated and clinical stages of ovarian serous carci-nomas (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion: C-Kit is statistically correlated with chemotherapy resistance, while PDGFRα is not correlated.