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目的研究不同时期肺结核患者继发肺部感染时的常见病原体种类和药物敏感状况,为临床抗生素合理应用提供参照与依据。方法对医院不同时间段住院肺结核患者下呼吸道标本分离出的致病菌构成和药敏试验结果进行分析,找出不同时期感染菌谱和耐药状况变化情况。结果 2个时间段分离出的病原体均以G-杆菌为主,但近期G-杆菌所占百分比下降,真菌感染呈上升态势,菌种构成也有所变化。G-杆菌药敏结果显示,耐药谱也有很多变化。结论下呼吸道标本分离出的致病菌构成和药敏试验结果在不同条件下会有很大变化、选择合理有效的抗生素,是及时治疗、挽救患者生命的关键。
Objective To study the types of common pathogens and drug susceptibility in secondary pulmonary infections in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in different periods and provide reference and basis for the rational application of antibiotics. Methods The pathogenic bacteria isolated from the lower respiratory tract specimens of hospitalized patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at different periods and the results of drug susceptibility test were analyzed to find out the changes of bacterial spectrum and drug resistance in different periods. Results Most of the pathogens isolated in two time periods were G-type bacilli. However, the percentage of G-type bacilli decreased in the recent period, the fungal infection was on the rise, and the species composition also changed. G-bacilli susceptibility results show that there are many changes in drug resistance spectrum. Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract and the results of drug susceptibility test under different conditions will have great changes. Choosing rational and effective antibiotics is the key to timely treatment and saving patients’ lives.