输尿管软硬镜的配合使用来处理上尿路腔内的病变是现代泌尿外科的趋势和特点。输尿管软镜制作工艺的发展缩小了镜体的口径、增加了镜体的操控性和到达肾小盏的能力并显著延长了镜体的使用寿命。合适的输尿管通道鞘的使用增加了软镜手术的成功率并降低了并发症的发生率;钬激光的应用显著增加了输尿管软镜处理上尿路结石的能力并不断拓宽软镜的适应征。总体来说,输尿管软镜是一安全、并发症低的手术方法,随着术者的操作经验的积累,输尿管软镜术将在泌尿外科发挥更大的作用。 The combined use of ureteral soft-lens to treat the upper urinary tract lesions is the trend and characteristics of modern urology. The development of the ureteroscopy reduces the size of the mirror body, increases the controllability of the mirror body and the ability to reach the small calyx and significantly prolongs the service life of the mirror body. The use of a suitable urethral canal sheath increases the success rate of soft-lens surgery and reduces the incidence of complications; the use of holmium laser significantly increases the ability of ureteroscopy to treat upper urinary calculi and continues to broaden the indications of soft-mirror. In general, ureteroscopy is a safe, low-risk surgical procedure. With the surgeon’s operational experience, ureteroscopy will play a greater role in urology.