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目的：通过对中药灌肠剂应用研究情况的综述，以期对该中药剂型的临床应用及开发提供借鉴。方法：在复习有关中药灌肠剂的临床应用、生产及新剂型微型灌肠剂在中药方面的应用研究文献的基础上，对中药灌肠剂的现状及发展进行概括。结果：中药直肠给药可作为中药常用的用药途径，不仅适于中医辨证论治随症加减的治疗策略，且可用于急慢性疾病的局部及全身用药，是中医治疗急症的有效途径。结论：固体形态的灌肠剂及微型灌肠剂是灌肠剂发展的方向。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research status of application of traditional Chinese medicine enema in order to provide reference for the clinical application and development of the Chinese medicine type. Methods: Based on reviewing the clinical application and production of traditional Chinese medicine enema, and the application of new-type mini enema in traditional Chinese medicine, the current status and development of traditional Chinese medicine enema were summarized. Results: Rectal administration of traditional Chinese medicine can be used as a common way for traditional Chinese medicine. It is not only suitable for TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment strategies, but also can be used for local and systemic use of acute and chronic diseases. It is an effective approach for TCM treatment of emergencies. Conclusion: Solid form enema and micro enema are the development direction of enema.