从语用视角对知识检索进行考察具有重要意义。在知识检索过程中,用户的检索行为表现出的各种特征,都表明语境支持等语用现象普遍存在于检索过程中。这些现象尤其集中存在于人—机交互的检索界面,而检索界面中的文本及其分布结构构成了检索交流中最基本的语境信息载体。在语用视角下,知识检索的界面设计必须遵循的基本原则包括语境信息充分原则、最小努力够用原则,以及及时更新和持续发展原则等。 From a pragmatic perspective of knowledge retrieval is of great significance. In the process of knowledge retrieval, the various characteristics of the user’s retrieval behavior show that the pragmatic phenomenon such as context support is ubiquitous in the retrieval process. These phenomena especially exist in the search interface of human-machine interaction, and the text and its distribution structure in the search interface constitute the most basic carrier of context information in the retrieval communication. In the pragmatic perspective, the basic principles that must be followed in the interface design of knowledge retrieval include the principle of full context information, the principle of minimum effort, the principle of timely updating and sustainable development.