一、概述金属及合金在铸造、涂层、电镀、气相沉积等过程中,由于晶体生长时某些晶轴与热流或电流保持着一定的相对取向,或在加工变形过程中,晶体的某些晶轴与应力方向保持一定的相对取向。晶体点阵排列形成某一种有规则取向的现象,通称为“择优取向”,即“织构”。金属或合金当有织构存在时,就具有各向异性的特征,即沿着金属 I. Overview Metal and alloy in the casting, coating, electroplating, vapor deposition process, the crystal growth of certain crystal axis and the heat flow or current to maintain a certain relative orientation, or in the process of deformation, some of the crystal Crystal axis and stress direction to maintain a certain relative orientation. Crystal lattice arrangement to form a regular phenomenon, known as “preferred orientation”, that is, “texture.” Metals or alloys, when textured, have an anisotropic character, that is, along the metal