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汽车在冷启动时有害物质排放很高,这和燃油温度有很大关系。本研究提出一种基于PTC的喷油器,该喷油器是在普通喷油器内部油路周围嵌入PTC材料,并以车载电源供电。当温度低于居里温度时,PTC材料的电阻很小,因此可产生大量热量,这些热量可以使流经管路的燃油得到加热。当温度达到居里温度时,PTC材料电阻变得很大,材料停止发热。利用PTC材料的这种特殊的阻温特性,我们可以在车辆启动时把喷油器出口的燃油温度控制在一个理想的范围。本研究的主要工作是对PTC-base喷油器建立模型并对不同条件下该喷油器的燃油传热进行分析。分析结果表明,冷启动时,在PTC-base喷油器中,燃油可以得到很好的加热。这对降低汽车冷启动排放将产生重要的作用。
The car emits a lot of harmful substances during cold start, which has a lot to do with the fuel temperature. This study presents a PTC-based fuel injector that incorporates PTC material around the internal fuel lines of an ordinary injector and is powered by an onboard power supply. When the temperature is below the Curie temperature, the resistance of the PTC material is so small that it generates a large amount of heat, which can heat the fuel flowing through the tubing. When the temperature reaches the Curie temperature, the PTC material becomes very resistive and the material stops heating. Using this special resistance-temperature feature of the PTC material, we can control the temperature of the fuel at the injector outlet to a desirable level when the vehicle is started. The main work of this study is to model the PTC-base injector and analyze the fuel heat transfer of the injector under different conditions. The results show that the fuel can be well heated in the PTC-base injector at cold start. This will have an important role in reducing the cold-start emissions of vehicles.