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我国钪资源十分丰富,已探明的含钪矿物种类高达800多种。钪金属及其化合物具有许多优异性能,广泛应用于多种生产领域。然而,钪在自然界中主要以伴生矿物的形式较稀散地分布于其他矿物中,其分离和提取难度高、工艺复杂。归纳可回收钪的原料类型、简化回收及提取钪的工艺受到我国选矿工作者的普遍重视。介绍了主要赋钪矿物资源,根据处理含钪矿物时钪的富集走向不同,进一步将可回收及提取钪的物料归纳为原生矿、渣和处理液3类;分析了从不同类别含钪物料中回收及提钪的方法和步骤;列举了一些从具体含钪物料中回收及提取钪的研究和应用实例;根据国内外回收及提钪的现状,提出发展方向:兼顾主金属及其他有价金属的回收、尽量简化钪的回收和提取工艺、尽可能降低生产成本;注重联合多种方法来改善浸出和提钪工艺;寻求更多可回收钪的物料和回收、提钪的方法。
China is rich in scandium resources, has proven that scandium mineral species up to 800 kinds. Scandium metal and its compounds have many excellent properties and are widely used in various production fields. However, scandium is mainly scattered in other minerals in the form of associated minerals in nature. It is difficult to separate and extract scandium and the process is complex. Summarize the raw material types of recyclable scandium, simplify the process of recovery and scandium extraction by our beneficiation workers universal attention. The main scandium mineral resources were introduced. According to the different scandium enrichment trends when the scandium minerals were treated, the materials which could be recovered and screened were summarized as primary ore, slag and treatment fluid. In the recovery and scandium extraction methods and steps; cited from the specific scandium material recovery and extraction of scandium research and application examples; according to the status of recycling and scandium at home and abroad, put forward the direction of development: taking into account the main metal and other valuable Metal recovery, to minimize scandium recovery and extraction process, as far as possible to reduce production costs; focus on a variety of ways to improve leaching and scandium extraction process; to find more scandium recyclable materials and methods of recovery, scandium.