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目的 :研究电磁脉冲 (EMP)辐照对动物记忆力影响并探讨其作用机制。方法 :①行为实验 :用穿梭箱训练成年大鼠 ,使之形成条件反射 ,采用高场强EMP(6× 10 4 V/m)进行照射 ,并于照后即刻 ,3h ,6h ,12h ,2 4h分别进行测试 ,观察其对记忆保持能力的影响 ;②照射后大鼠活杀取脑 ,HE和神经元尼氏体染色 ,组织形态学观察 ;③海马神经元原代培养 ,经EMP辐照后观察形态改变 ,并采用流式细胞仪检测其凋亡情况。结果 :照射后即刻大鼠的主动回避反应减少 ,而被动逃避反应增多 ,与照射前相比有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,3h后渐趋照前水平 ;照射前后大鼠对刺激做出反应的潜伏期无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。EMP照射可造成海马组织和培养神经元的变性、凋亡、坏死及血液循环障碍等病理改变。结论 :EMP照射可迅速造成实验大鼠暂时的记忆力下降 ,使海马组织细胞损伤及其凋亡增加 ,上述改变可能是EMP致脑功能障碍的病理学基础之一。
Objective: To study the effect of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) irradiation on animal memory and to explore its mechanism. Methods: ① Behavioral experiment: Adult rats were trained by shuttle box to make conditioned reflex. High-field-intensity EMP (6 × 10 4 V / m) was used to irradiate the rats, and immediately after irradiation, 3h, 6h, 12h, 4h were tested to observe the impact on memory retention; ② After irradiation, the rats were sacrificed and brain was taken out, HE and neuron Nissl staining, histological observation; ③ primary cultured hippocampal neurons, irradiated by EMP Morphological changes were observed, and the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results: Immediately after irradiation, the active avoidance response decreased, but passive avoidance response increased significantly compared with that before irradiation (P <0.01), and gradually became the level before irradiation after 3 hours. Before and after irradiation, rats There was no significant difference in response to stimuli (P> 0.05). EMP irradiation can cause histopathological changes in hippocampal tissue and cultured neurons such as degeneration, apoptosis, necrosis and blood circulation disorders. CONCLUSION: EMP exposure can rapidly reduce the memory of experimental rats and increase the apoptosis of hippocampal cells. These changes may be one of the pathological basis of EMP-induced brain dysfunction.