Hepatitis C(HCV)is a viral infection that affects an estimated 71 million people worldwide,with over 1 million new infec-tions yearly.While medical treatments exist,HCV continues to be a significant public health conc.Primary prevention and transmission risk factor identification remain key in helping decrease disease prevalence.While intravenous drug use,healthcare exposure(i.e.blood transfusions and surgical care),and body modification(i.e.tattooing and piercings)are well accepted risk factors for HCV transmission,others remain controversial.Because dental practice is often asso-ciated with procedures and bleeding,the possibility of HCV transmission seemed reasonable to investigate.Here,we review the evidence for dental care as a potential risk factor for HCV transmission.We identified a total of 1,180 manu-scripts related to HCV and dental care,of which 26 manu-scripts were included in the study after exclusionary criteria were applied.As per our review of the available literature,in the developing world,the improper use of sterile technique and lack of provider education likely increases the risk of HCV transmission during dental care.In developed nations,on the other hand,general dental care does not appear to be a significant risk factor for HCV transmission in non-intravenous drug user patients; although,the improper use and reuse of anesthetics during procedures poses a rare potential risk for viral transmission.