论文部分内容阅读
一、应试技巧
牢记“一式、两头、三写、四关”的应试要诀。一式，是关注文章体裁，写对格式；两头，即写好文章的开头和结尾；三写，是大小写、拼写和书写无误；四关，也就是过好内容要点关、行文逻辑关、语法规则关和习惯表达关。具体如下：
1. 注重审题，对写的内容做到心中有数。首先，应通过审题明确文章的体裁。其次，应注重时态及语态，认真琢磨其内容的英语表达方式，避免汉式英语。最后着手写时要注意分段。
2. 内容要点是否齐全；句子语法（包括：时态、语态、用词、句法和结构格式等）是否正确；词汇是否准确多样；句式结构是否丰富多彩；逻辑关系词使用是否到位；是否合理使用连接词和过渡性词语；标点符号、英语字母大小写是否规范。
3. 在表达清晰明了的前提下适当使用有把握的复杂结构和高级词汇。
4. 注重英语习惯，使所写句子准确地道，注意表达时的切换，避免汉式英语。
5. 注重开头和结尾的技巧。
6. 新课标对写作要求增加了情感因素，所以发挥自己的观点时注重思想性，力图提高文章思想内涵。
7. 注重书写，追求卷面美观。书面表达属于主观性试题，阅卷老师的主观印象直接关系到考生的得分高低。
8. 通读全文，检查疏漏。
二、话题预测
【话题1】 开往春天的校车——【提纲类】【电子邮件应用文】
最近，政府对校车的安全高度重视，出台了一系列校车的安全措施。政府决定部分地区统一配置中小学、幼儿园校车，校车设置统一的识别颜色、图案。假定你是王伟，请就此写一封电子邮件给在纽约的笔友Jack，介绍这一情况，要点如下：
1. 背景介绍；
2. 描述校车；
3. 校车的好处；
4. 询问美国校车管理经验。
Dear Jack，
How is everything going？ In the past few years in China， terrible accidents have happened to school buses， causing much public concern as well as worries. Recently our government decided to provide buses for schools and kindergartens. The new school bus is quite different from an ordinary bus， with a big nose and better safety equipment. All of the school buses are marked with the same colour and patterns. It will be less crowded and run on time. The bus driver will be more experienced. The police will have stricter rules. Safety will be certainly guaranteed. By the way how does a school bus run in the United States？ Could you tell me something about American school buses？
Best wishes！
Yours ever，
Wang Wei
近期某网站就校车安全问题进行了一次社会调查，结果见下图。请根据图示用英语写一篇短文，介绍调查结果并谈谈你的看法，供有关部门参考。
Recently， a survey on school buses has been conducted on a website. As can be seen from the pie chart， only 36.13% of the interviewees trust school buses， while 40.34% of them show their distrust， 23.53% of them are not clear about it. Of those who show their disbelief， 35.29% are afraid of abandoned vehicles being used and 24.37% worry that school buses are often overloaded， which can cause serious traffic accidents. About 21.35% of them worry that the school buses are not equipped with safety equipment like safety belts. Another 18.49% blame drivers for breaking the speed limit.
I think effective measures should be taken to ensure the safety of students. More money should be invested to improve the quality of school buses. Meanwhile， all the school buses should be examined regularly.
【话题2】 吴菊萍——【提纲类】【记叙文】 根据汉语提示用英语介绍2011感动中国人物之一——吴菊萍。内容要点如下：
1. 吴菊萍，1980年生于浙江嘉兴，她有一个7个月大的孩子。2011年7月2日下午1点半，一个2岁女童突然从10楼坠落，在楼下的吴菊萍奋不顾身地冲过去用双手接住了孩子，吴菊萍的胳膊严重受伤，但孩子得救了。
2. 该事件被报道后，在网络上热传，无数人为之感动。当被问及救人动机，吴菊萍回答说：“这是本能，是作为一个母亲应该做的事情。”
3. 她的事迹不仅感动了中国而且感动了全世界，她被网民称之为“最美妈妈”。她的精神值得我们每个人学习。
注意：
1. 感动中国：Touching China；
2. 充分利用学过的词汇和语法知识，生动、形象地描述事实；
3. 采用二段的形式：第1段叙述事件的事实过程；第2段对事件进行评价并发表自己的看法。
Wu Juping was among the 10 people awarded the “Touching China” award in 2011. She was born in Jiaxing， Zhejiang province， in 1980. She has a sevenmonthold baby. At 1：30 in the afternoon on July 2， 2011， all of a sudden， a twoyearold child was falling from the tenth floor of a building. Wu Juping， under the building， rushed towards the possible spot to catch the child without caring about her own safety， her arms seriously injured. After that when someone asked her why she risked her own life to save the child， she only said， “It is just instinct. It is a mothers duty to do such things.”
People in China and abroad are moved by her deed. She is called “the most beautiful mother” by numerous netizens. She set us a good example. We should learn from her.
【话题3】 孩子与父母交流——【提纲类】【演讲稿应用文】
假如你校要举办一次主题为“How to Communicate with our parents”的英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。要点如下：
1. 尊重并信任父母；
2. 常与父母聊天；
3. 换位思考问题。
How to communicate with our parents
Hello， everyone！ Id like to share with you my ideas about this topic. Parents are the people who love us most， so its necessary to keep a good relationship with them. Here are my ideas on how to make it easier to communicate with our parents.
First， we should respect and trust our parents. Dont be rude to them even if they have done something wrong. They have experienced more and always try their best to protect us from any dangers. Second， if we often talk with them about our life and experience， we will know each other better. Third， if sometimes we dont agree with our parents decision， we should try to put ourselves into their shoes and we will soon understand them.
Thats all. Thank you for listening.
【话题4】 团队合作——（看图写话）【议论文】
下面的这幅画展现了两人合做一张凳子却各忙各的情景，请根据对这幅画的理解，用英语写一篇短文。
你的短文应包含以下内容：
1. 描述图片内容，如人物、动作、情景等；
2. 图片主要反映了怎样的问题；
3. 结合实际谈谈你对解决此类问题的看法。
Cooperation， which has always been a hot topic， plays a very important role in todays world. But not everyone knows how to cooperate well.
In the picture， we can see two men are trying to make a bench together. Both of them are working hard， sweating a lot. But obviously they are fixing the legs on opposite sides. Seeing the picture， I cant help thinking how ridiculous it is. The two men work as a team and both of them do make their efforts. But unfortunately they just mind their own business without communicating with each other. It appears to me that they are not cooperating in an effective way. Working without cooperation leads to inefficiency.
But how can we cooperate more effectively？ From my point of view， cooperation calls for effective communication， without which people will do things blindly. We should exchange ideas with our partners and work out a careful plan before taking actions. Otherwise， all the efforts will be in vain， just like what the two men do in the picture.
在我们的生活和学习中，与人合作是非常重要的。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为 “Cooperate with others”的英文演讲稿。
为何与人合作可以高效地完成任务；
可以节省时间和精力；
可以从合作者身上学到很多。
与谁合作
与喜欢的人合作心情愉快，一起分享工作中的快乐和痛苦。
与不喜欢的人合作能挑战自己与他人相处的能力。此外，关注工作比关注合作者本人更重要。日久，也许会发现他是一个很好相处的人。怎样做一个好的合作者请你发表自己的观点……（至少2点看法）
注意：
1. 对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；
2. 词数150左右；
3. 参考词汇：合作者 partner；高效地efficiently。
Good afternoon， everyone！
The topic of my speech today is “Cooperate with others”.
In our daily life and study， if we want to accomplish our work efficiently， we must all learn to cooperate with others. Cooperation can save us a lot of time and energy. Additionally， we can learn much from our partners by cooperating with them.
When we cooperate with someone we like， we will feel very happy. We can share our pleasure （joys） and sadness （sorrows） with him. But it challenges us to get along with others to cooperate with someone we dislike （hate）. Besides / Moreover / Whats more， we should focus on our work， instead of （rather than） our partners. Perhaps in working together with him for a long time， well learn （find out） that he is a man to get along well with.
How can we become a good partner？ In my opinion， we should try to listen to others. If they make mistakes， we also try to point them out. Thirdly， we mustnt embarrass others to make them in unfavorable position.
Thank you for your listening！
【话题5】 对开微博的看法——【汉语提示类】【议论文】
最近，很多中学生都纷纷开通了自己的微博，一方面，微博可以作为展示自己的窗口，可以释放学习的压力。因此已经被越来越多的中学生所接受。但是，另一方面，很多家长和老师都认为管理个人微博要花相当多的时间和精力，会耽误学习。
请对这一现象在英语博客网上进行简要介绍，并发表自己的看法。
Nowadays， it is common that more and more high school students open their own micro blogs on the Internet. For one thing， it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent. For another， it is a useful way to release their pressure. And all these become more and more popular with high school students. But many parents and teachers hold a different view， thinking that managing ones micro blog will take a lot of time and energy， which should be used to study. In my view， I am greatly in favor of this activity. Today the Internet is playing an important and essential role in our life. Therefore as high school students of the Information Age， we need to learn to make use of this meaningful tool to communicate and display ourselves. Whats more， opening and organizing micro blogs need various abilities such as writing， designing， being skillful at computer and so on. Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful micro blog. As a result， we improve ourselves while organizing our micro blogs.
In fact， micro blog itself is of little harm. It is your attitude towards it that matters. We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects.
【话题6】 人的优秀品质——【图表类】【议论文】
一个好的学生应该具有许多优秀品质（如下图所示），你认为哪个或哪两个是最重要的呢？为什么？请分析原因，并结合自己的生活实际，记下你的感悟，写一篇120词左右的短文，适当增加内容并发表自己看法。
Being passionate， honest and hardworking， a good student is always listening and learning. Personally speaking， I strongly believe that honesty is of utmost importance among dozens of good qualities.
There is a proverb that goes “Honesty is the best policy”， and it seems as true as it was when first coined. The most important element in human relationships， whether business or personal， is trust.
Here is one of my secrets. I once lied to my parents because of my poor scores. Having known the fact from my teachers， they praised and encouraged me， showing their deep love. Later on， my conscience swallowed me， growing as I told lie after lie in an effort to conceal my original deceit. I gave it up， and chose to be frank. Wow！ It is better to stick to the truth！
From then on， I have kept the following in my minds： If it is not true， dont say it. If it is not right， dont do it. Honesty is not only the best policy， but also a principle， which is absolutely essential for the good and happy living of life.
【话题7】 笑对人生——【汉语提示类】【议论文】
古人云：“笑福开来”。微笑是和谐的开始，微笑是沟通的通行证。微笑可以冰释前嫌，微笑可以舒缓窘境，微笑可以感化灵魂，微笑可以增强自信，微笑可以增添魅力，微笑可以……。
请你以微笑为主题写一篇英语短文，题目自拟。
注意：
1. 对所提示内容不要简单翻译，可以适当发挥；
2. 词数150左右。
Why Do We Smile？
Everybody likes smiling. But why do we smile？
Smiling makes us attractive. We are drawn to people who smile. Smiling changes our mood， as it can trick the body into feeling better. Smiling is infectious. When someone is smiling they lighten up the room， change the moods of others， and make them happier. Smiling relieves stress. It helps to prevent us from looking tired. Smiling people appear more confident， and are more likely to be approached. Smiling helps us stay positive. When we smile our body is sending the rest of us a message that “Life is Good！” So just try smiling our way through the day. Stay away from depression， stress and worry by smiling. Smile when you meet others. Smile in time of difficulty. Smile when you feel sad. Smile wherever you are and whenever you can.
【话题8】 人生态度——【看图写话】【议论文】
请根据下面的图片，写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 描述漫画内容；
2. 说出其中的寓意；
3. 发表你的观点。
As can be seen in the picture， two men are staring at a potted flower with different expressions on their faces. One man is thinking about the sad ending of the flower while the other is imagining the flower blooming. To the same thing， different people have different views， leading to different results. One is happy while the other is sad.
In our daily life， faced with the same situation， pessimistic people may feel helpless and complain about it all day long. Optimistic people， however， may look at it positively and take it as a chance to show his abilities and talents. When we are in trouble， we should keep the optimistic attitudes； take effective measures to solve the problems.
（作者：谢勇，江苏省海安高级中学）
牢记“一式、两头、三写、四关”的应试要诀。一式，是关注文章体裁，写对格式；两头，即写好文章的开头和结尾；三写，是大小写、拼写和书写无误；四关，也就是过好内容要点关、行文逻辑关、语法规则关和习惯表达关。具体如下：
1. 注重审题，对写的内容做到心中有数。首先，应通过审题明确文章的体裁。其次，应注重时态及语态，认真琢磨其内容的英语表达方式，避免汉式英语。最后着手写时要注意分段。
2. 内容要点是否齐全；句子语法（包括：时态、语态、用词、句法和结构格式等）是否正确；词汇是否准确多样；句式结构是否丰富多彩；逻辑关系词使用是否到位；是否合理使用连接词和过渡性词语；标点符号、英语字母大小写是否规范。
3. 在表达清晰明了的前提下适当使用有把握的复杂结构和高级词汇。
4. 注重英语习惯，使所写句子准确地道，注意表达时的切换，避免汉式英语。
5. 注重开头和结尾的技巧。
6. 新课标对写作要求增加了情感因素，所以发挥自己的观点时注重思想性，力图提高文章思想内涵。
7. 注重书写，追求卷面美观。书面表达属于主观性试题，阅卷老师的主观印象直接关系到考生的得分高低。
8. 通读全文，检查疏漏。
二、话题预测
【话题1】 开往春天的校车——【提纲类】【电子邮件应用文】
最近，政府对校车的安全高度重视，出台了一系列校车的安全措施。政府决定部分地区统一配置中小学、幼儿园校车，校车设置统一的识别颜色、图案。假定你是王伟，请就此写一封电子邮件给在纽约的笔友Jack，介绍这一情况，要点如下：
1. 背景介绍；
2. 描述校车；
3. 校车的好处；
4. 询问美国校车管理经验。
Dear Jack，
How is everything going？ In the past few years in China， terrible accidents have happened to school buses， causing much public concern as well as worries. Recently our government decided to provide buses for schools and kindergartens. The new school bus is quite different from an ordinary bus， with a big nose and better safety equipment. All of the school buses are marked with the same colour and patterns. It will be less crowded and run on time. The bus driver will be more experienced. The police will have stricter rules. Safety will be certainly guaranteed. By the way how does a school bus run in the United States？ Could you tell me something about American school buses？
Best wishes！
Yours ever，
Wang Wei
近期某网站就校车安全问题进行了一次社会调查，结果见下图。请根据图示用英语写一篇短文，介绍调查结果并谈谈你的看法，供有关部门参考。
Recently， a survey on school buses has been conducted on a website. As can be seen from the pie chart， only 36.13% of the interviewees trust school buses， while 40.34% of them show their distrust， 23.53% of them are not clear about it. Of those who show their disbelief， 35.29% are afraid of abandoned vehicles being used and 24.37% worry that school buses are often overloaded， which can cause serious traffic accidents. About 21.35% of them worry that the school buses are not equipped with safety equipment like safety belts. Another 18.49% blame drivers for breaking the speed limit.
I think effective measures should be taken to ensure the safety of students. More money should be invested to improve the quality of school buses. Meanwhile， all the school buses should be examined regularly.
【话题2】 吴菊萍——【提纲类】【记叙文】 根据汉语提示用英语介绍2011感动中国人物之一——吴菊萍。内容要点如下：
1. 吴菊萍，1980年生于浙江嘉兴，她有一个7个月大的孩子。2011年7月2日下午1点半，一个2岁女童突然从10楼坠落，在楼下的吴菊萍奋不顾身地冲过去用双手接住了孩子，吴菊萍的胳膊严重受伤，但孩子得救了。
2. 该事件被报道后，在网络上热传，无数人为之感动。当被问及救人动机，吴菊萍回答说：“这是本能，是作为一个母亲应该做的事情。”
3. 她的事迹不仅感动了中国而且感动了全世界，她被网民称之为“最美妈妈”。她的精神值得我们每个人学习。
注意：
1. 感动中国：Touching China；
2. 充分利用学过的词汇和语法知识，生动、形象地描述事实；
3. 采用二段的形式：第1段叙述事件的事实过程；第2段对事件进行评价并发表自己的看法。
Wu Juping was among the 10 people awarded the “Touching China” award in 2011. She was born in Jiaxing， Zhejiang province， in 1980. She has a sevenmonthold baby. At 1：30 in the afternoon on July 2， 2011， all of a sudden， a twoyearold child was falling from the tenth floor of a building. Wu Juping， under the building， rushed towards the possible spot to catch the child without caring about her own safety， her arms seriously injured. After that when someone asked her why she risked her own life to save the child， she only said， “It is just instinct. It is a mothers duty to do such things.”
People in China and abroad are moved by her deed. She is called “the most beautiful mother” by numerous netizens. She set us a good example. We should learn from her.
【话题3】 孩子与父母交流——【提纲类】【演讲稿应用文】
假如你校要举办一次主题为“How to Communicate with our parents”的英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。要点如下：
1. 尊重并信任父母；
2. 常与父母聊天；
3. 换位思考问题。
How to communicate with our parents
Hello， everyone！ Id like to share with you my ideas about this topic. Parents are the people who love us most， so its necessary to keep a good relationship with them. Here are my ideas on how to make it easier to communicate with our parents.
First， we should respect and trust our parents. Dont be rude to them even if they have done something wrong. They have experienced more and always try their best to protect us from any dangers. Second， if we often talk with them about our life and experience， we will know each other better. Third， if sometimes we dont agree with our parents decision， we should try to put ourselves into their shoes and we will soon understand them.
Thats all. Thank you for listening.
【话题4】 团队合作——（看图写话）【议论文】
下面的这幅画展现了两人合做一张凳子却各忙各的情景，请根据对这幅画的理解，用英语写一篇短文。
你的短文应包含以下内容：
1. 描述图片内容，如人物、动作、情景等；
2. 图片主要反映了怎样的问题；
3. 结合实际谈谈你对解决此类问题的看法。
Cooperation， which has always been a hot topic， plays a very important role in todays world. But not everyone knows how to cooperate well.
In the picture， we can see two men are trying to make a bench together. Both of them are working hard， sweating a lot. But obviously they are fixing the legs on opposite sides. Seeing the picture， I cant help thinking how ridiculous it is. The two men work as a team and both of them do make their efforts. But unfortunately they just mind their own business without communicating with each other. It appears to me that they are not cooperating in an effective way. Working without cooperation leads to inefficiency.
But how can we cooperate more effectively？ From my point of view， cooperation calls for effective communication， without which people will do things blindly. We should exchange ideas with our partners and work out a careful plan before taking actions. Otherwise， all the efforts will be in vain， just like what the two men do in the picture.
在我们的生活和学习中，与人合作是非常重要的。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为 “Cooperate with others”的英文演讲稿。
为何与人合作可以高效地完成任务；
可以节省时间和精力；
可以从合作者身上学到很多。
与谁合作
与喜欢的人合作心情愉快，一起分享工作中的快乐和痛苦。
与不喜欢的人合作能挑战自己与他人相处的能力。此外，关注工作比关注合作者本人更重要。日久，也许会发现他是一个很好相处的人。怎样做一个好的合作者请你发表自己的观点……（至少2点看法）
注意：
1. 对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；
2. 词数150左右；
3. 参考词汇：合作者 partner；高效地efficiently。
Good afternoon， everyone！
The topic of my speech today is “Cooperate with others”.
In our daily life and study， if we want to accomplish our work efficiently， we must all learn to cooperate with others. Cooperation can save us a lot of time and energy. Additionally， we can learn much from our partners by cooperating with them.
When we cooperate with someone we like， we will feel very happy. We can share our pleasure （joys） and sadness （sorrows） with him. But it challenges us to get along with others to cooperate with someone we dislike （hate）. Besides / Moreover / Whats more， we should focus on our work， instead of （rather than） our partners. Perhaps in working together with him for a long time， well learn （find out） that he is a man to get along well with.
How can we become a good partner？ In my opinion， we should try to listen to others. If they make mistakes， we also try to point them out. Thirdly， we mustnt embarrass others to make them in unfavorable position.
Thank you for your listening！
【话题5】 对开微博的看法——【汉语提示类】【议论文】
最近，很多中学生都纷纷开通了自己的微博，一方面，微博可以作为展示自己的窗口，可以释放学习的压力。因此已经被越来越多的中学生所接受。但是，另一方面，很多家长和老师都认为管理个人微博要花相当多的时间和精力，会耽误学习。
请对这一现象在英语博客网上进行简要介绍，并发表自己的看法。
Nowadays， it is common that more and more high school students open their own micro blogs on the Internet. For one thing， it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent. For another， it is a useful way to release their pressure. And all these become more and more popular with high school students. But many parents and teachers hold a different view， thinking that managing ones micro blog will take a lot of time and energy， which should be used to study. In my view， I am greatly in favor of this activity. Today the Internet is playing an important and essential role in our life. Therefore as high school students of the Information Age， we need to learn to make use of this meaningful tool to communicate and display ourselves. Whats more， opening and organizing micro blogs need various abilities such as writing， designing， being skillful at computer and so on. Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful micro blog. As a result， we improve ourselves while organizing our micro blogs.
In fact， micro blog itself is of little harm. It is your attitude towards it that matters. We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects.
【话题6】 人的优秀品质——【图表类】【议论文】
一个好的学生应该具有许多优秀品质（如下图所示），你认为哪个或哪两个是最重要的呢？为什么？请分析原因，并结合自己的生活实际，记下你的感悟，写一篇120词左右的短文，适当增加内容并发表自己看法。
Being passionate， honest and hardworking， a good student is always listening and learning. Personally speaking， I strongly believe that honesty is of utmost importance among dozens of good qualities.
There is a proverb that goes “Honesty is the best policy”， and it seems as true as it was when first coined. The most important element in human relationships， whether business or personal， is trust.
Here is one of my secrets. I once lied to my parents because of my poor scores. Having known the fact from my teachers， they praised and encouraged me， showing their deep love. Later on， my conscience swallowed me， growing as I told lie after lie in an effort to conceal my original deceit. I gave it up， and chose to be frank. Wow！ It is better to stick to the truth！
From then on， I have kept the following in my minds： If it is not true， dont say it. If it is not right， dont do it. Honesty is not only the best policy， but also a principle， which is absolutely essential for the good and happy living of life.
【话题7】 笑对人生——【汉语提示类】【议论文】
古人云：“笑福开来”。微笑是和谐的开始，微笑是沟通的通行证。微笑可以冰释前嫌，微笑可以舒缓窘境，微笑可以感化灵魂，微笑可以增强自信，微笑可以增添魅力，微笑可以……。
请你以微笑为主题写一篇英语短文，题目自拟。
注意：
1. 对所提示内容不要简单翻译，可以适当发挥；
2. 词数150左右。
Why Do We Smile？
Everybody likes smiling. But why do we smile？
Smiling makes us attractive. We are drawn to people who smile. Smiling changes our mood， as it can trick the body into feeling better. Smiling is infectious. When someone is smiling they lighten up the room， change the moods of others， and make them happier. Smiling relieves stress. It helps to prevent us from looking tired. Smiling people appear more confident， and are more likely to be approached. Smiling helps us stay positive. When we smile our body is sending the rest of us a message that “Life is Good！” So just try smiling our way through the day. Stay away from depression， stress and worry by smiling. Smile when you meet others. Smile in time of difficulty. Smile when you feel sad. Smile wherever you are and whenever you can.
【话题8】 人生态度——【看图写话】【议论文】
请根据下面的图片，写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 描述漫画内容；
2. 说出其中的寓意；
3. 发表你的观点。
As can be seen in the picture， two men are staring at a potted flower with different expressions on their faces. One man is thinking about the sad ending of the flower while the other is imagining the flower blooming. To the same thing， different people have different views， leading to different results. One is happy while the other is sad.
In our daily life， faced with the same situation， pessimistic people may feel helpless and complain about it all day long. Optimistic people， however， may look at it positively and take it as a chance to show his abilities and talents. When we are in trouble， we should keep the optimistic attitudes； take effective measures to solve the problems.
（作者：谢勇，江苏省海安高级中学）