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比较研究超高产田(15 000 kg/hm2)和高产田夏玉米的产量构成、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、干物质积累特性和灌浆速率等指标差异,探索超高产夏玉米生长发育特性。结果表明,超高产田夏玉米较高产田增产15.6%,穗粒数多3.7%,百粒重增加8.9%,超高产主要依赖于百粒重的增加;吐丝后超高产田夏玉米叶面积指数、叶片SPAD值和总干物质积累量均高于高产夏玉米田,吐丝后10～40 d超高产夏玉米田子粒干物质阶段积累速率较高,吐丝50 d后,高产夏玉米田植株衰老,超高产夏玉米子粒仍维持一定的灌浆速率。超高产田夏玉米具有叶面积指数大、干物质积累多、叶绿素含量高和灌浆时期长等生长发育特性,有效增加穗粒数和粒重。
The yield components, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation and grain filling rate of super-high-yielding summer maize were compared to study the growth and development characteristics of summer maize. The results showed that the yield of summer maize increased 15.6%, the number of grains per ear increased 3.7% and the weight of grain per 100% increased by 8.9%. The super high yield mainly depended on the increase of 100-grain weight. The leaf area of summer maize after super- Index, leaf SPAD value and total dry matter accumulation were higher than those in high-yield summer maize field. The accumulation rate of grain dry matter in super-high-yield summer maize field was higher after 10-40 days after silking. After 50 days of silking, high-yield summer maize field Plant senescence, super high yield summer maize grain still maintain a certain filling rate. The maize with superhigh yield had the characteristics of growth and development such as large leaf area index, high dry matter accumulation, high chlorophyll content and long grain filling period, which effectively increased the number of kernels per spike and grain weight.