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农村公共食堂是“大跃进”时期人民公社化的产物。公共食堂严重脱离20世纪50年代末中国社会生产力水平,因而不是经济发展的结果,而是靠政治压力强迫农民建立起来的。河南省是全国人民公社化运动的发源地,农村公共食堂的数量和比例均居全国首位。河南农村公共食堂出现了种种问题,它的解散是必然的,但却经历了一个曲折的过程,付出了血的代价。农村公共食堂问题上血的历史教训,是值得深思和记取的。
Public canteens in rural areas are the product of people’s communes during the “Great Leap Forward.” The public canteens were severely separated from the level of social productive forces in China in the late 1950s and therefore were not the result of economic development. They forced peasants to be established by political pressure. Henan Province is the birthplace of the people’s commune movement in the country. The number and proportion of rural public canteens rank first in the country. Henan rural public canteens appeared a variety of problems, its dissolution is inevitable, but it has gone through a tortuous process, paying the cost of blood. The historical lesson of blood on the rural public canteen is worth pondering and remembering.