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为了给小麦高产优质栽培提供依据,于2003~2005年在连续两年池栽条件下,以面筋含量高、中、低三种冬小麦品种藁麦8901、豫麦49和洛麦1号为供试材料,研究粘、壤、砂三种土壤质地对旗叶全氮含量和蛋白质积累的影响。试验结果表明,花后叶片含氮量逐渐下降,花后5~40 d,旗叶全氮含量表现为粘土>壤土>砂土。不同冬小麦品种籽粒蛋白质含量均呈现前高后低又升高的积累变化规律。其中,低筋品种洛麦1号和中筋品种豫麦49在壤土条件下蛋白质含量较高,高筋品种藁麦8901在粘土条件下籽粒蛋白质含量较高。高筋品种藁麦8901籽粒蛋白质积累速率高峰期早于其它两类品种。低筋品种洛麦1号在砂土、中筋品种豫麦49在粘土种植条件下籽粒蛋白质产量较低;藁麦8901以粘土种植条件下籽粒蛋白质产量较高。籽粒蛋白质含量与旗叶全氮含量均呈正相关关系。因此,土壤质地对小麦籽粒蛋白质积累影响较大,生产上应针对不同品质类型小麦品种制定不同的优化栽培措施。
In order to provide a basis for high-yielding and high-quality wheat cultivation, three winter wheat cultivars with high gluten content, middle and low gluten content, Oatmeal 8901, Yumai 49 and Luomai 1, Materials, Study on the Effects of Soil Texture, Sticky, Soil and Sand on Total Nitrogen Content and Protein Accumulation in Flag Leaf. The results showed that the leaf nitrogen content gradually decreased after flowering. From 5 to 40 days after flowering, the total nitrogen content in flag leaf showed clay> loam> sand. The grain protein content of different winter wheat varieties showed high, low, then high accumulation and variation. Among them, low-gluten cultivar Luomai 1 and middle-gluten cultivar Yumai 49 had higher protein content in loamy soil and high gluten cultivar Gaomai 8901 had higher grain protein content in clay soil. The high-gluten variety Oat 8901 had a higher peak of grain protein accumulation rate than the other two varieties. Low-gluten cultivar Luomai 1 had lower grain protein yield in sandy soil and mid-gluten cultivar Yumai 49 under clay planting conditions. The yield of grain protein in Zhemai 8901 was higher under clay cultivation. Grain protein content and flag leaf total nitrogen content were positively correlated. Therefore, soil texture has a great impact on protein accumulation in wheat grains, and different optimized cultivation methods should be developed for different quality wheat varieties.