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目的系统了解“十二五”以来上海市乡村医生现况以及新时期面临的问题,为推进卫生服务城乡一体化均衡发展和制定乡村医生相关政策和措施提供科学依据。方法采用流行病学横断面调查研究,在文献研究、专家咨询基础上,通过问卷调查、定性访谈等方法搜集数据进行分析。结果研究发现,上海市乡村医生存在人员总量较少、队伍年龄老化现象严重、学历水平普遍偏低、执业资格有待提高和各区、县乡村医生收入分配不均衡的现象。结论上海市应合理增加乡村医生数量,并有效利用现有人力资源,实行“以需求为导向”的教育培训模式,提高乡村医生的学历水平和服务能力。
Objective To systematically understand the current situation of rural doctors in Shanghai and the problems they face in the new period since the 12th Five-Year Plan, and provide scientific evidence for promoting balanced development of urban and rural health services and formulating policies and measures for rural doctors. Methods Using epidemiological cross-sectional investigation, based on the literature research and expert consultation, the data were collected through questionnaires and qualitative interviews. Results The study found that the overall number of rural doctors in Shanghai is small, the age of the team is serious, the educational level is generally low, the qualifications of medical practitioners need to be improved and the income distribution of rural doctors in different districts and counties is not balanced. Conclusion Shanghai should rationally increase the number of rural doctors and make effective use of available human resources to implement a “demand-oriented” education and training model to improve the academic qualifications and service capabilities of rural doctors.