博尔纳病(Borna disease,BD)最早发现于200多年前的德国,1855年在德国的萨克森州的Borna镇马群中暴发流行以精神行为异常为主的一种脑炎,导致大量的马匹死亡,其中还包括一个骑兵团的马匹,这一事件引起威廉二世皇帝的高度重视,故将本病以该镇的名字命名。20世纪初,有研究者从病马的脑组织中成功分离出病原体,并将病毒命名为博尔纳病病毒(Borna disease virus, Borna disease (BD) was first discovered in Germany more than 200 years ago. In 1855, an outbreak of encephalitis predominantly characterized by mental disorders among the Borna town of Saxony in Germany caused a large number of horses to die, Which also included a horse of a cavalry regiment, which caused the great attention of the Emperor William II. Therefore, the disease was named after the town. At the beginning of the 20th century, some researchers successfully isolated the pathogens from the brain of a sick horse and named the virus Borna disease virus