采用碱溶-酸析法提取硝基腐植酸,考察各因素对腐植酸提取率的影响,并利用所得的硝基腐植酸制备鳌合铁。实验结果表明:提取硝基腐植酸的最佳工艺条件是煤样与硝酸溶液质量比2.86,硝酸溶液w(HNO_3)35%,硝化时间40 min,硝化温度70℃,氢氧化钠溶液w(NaOH)2.5%,每克褐煤氢氧化钠溶液用量8 mL,碱提时间30 min,碱提温度70℃,最大提取率为98.65%,经螯合反应后,有效铁收率大于75%,效果良好。 Nitro-humic acid was extracted by alkali-acid-acid analysis. The effects of various factors on the extraction rate of humic acid were investigated. And the chelated iron was prepared by using the nitro-humic acid. The experimental results showed that the optimal conditions for the extraction of nitrous humic acid were as follows: the mass ratio of coal sample to nitric acid solution was 2.86; the nitric acid solution w (HNO 3) 35%; nitrification time 40 min; nitration temperature 70 ℃; sodium hydroxide solution w ) 2.5%. The dosage of lignite per liter of sodium hydroxide solution was 8 mL, the extraction time was 30 min, the extraction temperature was 70 ℃ and the maximum extraction rate was 98.65%. After the chelation reaction, the effective iron yield was more than 75% .