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目的分析十堰市5岁以下儿童死亡与孕期保健的关系。方法使用《十堰市5岁以下儿童死亡家庭因素调查表》对十堰市2011年10月—2013年9月死亡的5岁以下儿童758人进行入户走访调查;同时选年龄、性别、居住地相近的活产儿童作配对比较。结果死亡儿童中新生儿、婴儿、1岁~和3~5岁儿童分别占51.45%、29.16%、13.06%和6.33%。死亡儿童母亲的孕期体检频次低于对照儿童母亲(P<0.05)。新生儿出生地点以县级医院和乡镇/街道卫生院为主,分别占47.16%和37.80%。结论新生儿和婴儿死亡占比较高,母亲孕期应按规定次数进行检查,此外提高乡镇卫生院抢救危重患儿的能力和水平,减少转诊频次,以降低5岁以下儿童死亡率。
Objective To analyze the relationship between the death of children under 5 years of age and health during pregnancy in Shiyan. Methods A questionnaire survey on family factors of death among children under 5 years of age in Shiyan was conducted to investigate 758 residents of children under 5 years old who died in Shiyan from October 2011 to September 2013. At the same time, their age, sex and place of residence were similar Of live births for comparison. Results The percentage of newborns, infants, children aged 1 to 3 and children aged 3 to 5 years old were 51.45%, 29.16%, 13.06% and 6.33% respectively. Pregnant mothers had lower frequency of pregnancy tests than mothers (P <0.05). The birthplace of newborns was mainly county hospitals and township / street hospitals, accounting for 47.16% and 37.80% respectively. Conclusion The proportion of deaths in newborns and infants is relatively high. Mothers should check the number of times they are pregnant and also improve the ability and level of township hospitals to rescue critically ill children and reduce the frequency of referrals so as to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age.