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目的:探索长期低浓度苯及其同系物暴露对男性工人健康的影响。方法:通过查阅某汽车制造企业2007-2010年间的生产环境监测数据,筛查出有苯及其同系物暴露的男性工人共378名作为暴露组,选择该企业的行政管理、后勤保障、保安等部门的368名男性工人作为对照组。通过SPSS18.0软件分析两组工人4年的健康体检资料。结果:经方差分析结果显示,两组工人的白细胞计数(F=8.95,P=0.003)、血红蛋白(F=20.25,P<0.001)、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(F=48.49,P<0.001)、舒张压(F=10.12,P=0.002)共4项指标在该4年间存在着统计学差异。经卡方检验可知,两组工人红细胞异常率之间有统计学差异(χ2=6.00,P=0.014);2007-2010年体检工人血红蛋白(χ2=29.50,P<0.001)、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(χ2=34.31,P<0.001)和门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(χ2=12.50,P=0.006)共3项指标的异常率之间有统计学差异。结论:长期低浓度苯及其同系物暴露对男性工人的健康有一定影响。
Objective: To explore the long-term low concentrations of benzene and its homologue exposure to male workers health effects. Methods: According to the monitoring data of production environment of an automobile manufacturing enterprise from 2007 to 2010, 378 male workers exposed with benzene and its homologues were screened out as the exposure group, and the administrative, logistical, security, etc. of the enterprise were selected 368 male workers in the department served as control group. Through SPSS18.0 software analysis of two groups of workers 4 years of physical examination information. Results: The variance analysis showed that the white blood cell count (F = 8.95, P = 0.003), hemoglobin (F = 20.25, P <0.001), alanine aminotransferase (F = 48.49, There were significant differences among the four indexes of diastolic blood pressure (F = 10.12, P = 0.002) in the four years. The chi square test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of workers (χ2 = 6.00, P = 0.014); the hemoglobin (χ2 = 29.50, P <0.001), the level of alanine aminotransferase (χ2 = 34.31, P <0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase (χ2 = 12.50, P = 0.006) were significantly different between the three indicators. Conclusion: Long-term exposure to low concentrations of benzene and its homologues has some effect on the health of male workers.