The Lishangwan site is located in Luoshan county, upper Huai river basin, southern Henan. This region is sandwiched in between the two major drainage systems of China: Huanghe and Changjiang. Previous archaeological work in this region was scanty; not much were known about its Neolithic cultural features. With this problem in mind, we conducted a small scale excavation in the Lishangwan site. Its Neolithic remains can be divided into two successive phases. Their absolute dates should be contemporous with that of Qujialing culture. Although its material culture is closely related to the contemporary Neolithic cultures to the north and to the south, its unique regional characteristics are obvious. This excavation provides us with material information for the study of the archaeological culture of this region and its implication on the cultural interaction between northern and southern China. The Lishangwan site is located in Luoshan county, upper Huai river basin, southern Henan. This region is sandwiched in between the two major drainage systems of China: Huanghe and Changjiang. Previous archaeological work in this region was scanty; not much were known about its With this problem in mind, we conducted a small scale excavation in the Lishangwan site. Their absolute dates should be contemporous with that of Qujialing culture. Although its material culture is closely related to the contemporary Neolithic cultures to the north and to the south, its unique regional characteristics are obvious. This excavation provides us with material information for the study of the archaeological culture of this region and its implication on the cultural interaction between northern and southern China .