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目的研究早产儿颅内出血的高危因素,探讨早产儿颅内出血的预防措施。方法选择湖南省儿童医院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)2009年1月-2009年12月134例颅内出血早产儿作为研究组,同期130例无颅内出血的早产儿作为对照组,对23个临床因素进行单因素分析,筛选早产儿颅内出血的高危因素。结果单因素分析发现胎龄、出生体重、妊高征、前置胎盘、胎膜早破、产时窒息、脐带绕颈、宫内窘迫、呼吸暂停、代谢性酸中毒、低氧血症、高碳酸血症、机械通气、吸入高浓度氧等14项与早产儿颅内出血有关(P<0.05)。再对这些相关因素进行Logistic回归分析确定胎龄、出生体重、产时窒息、宫内窘迫、代谢性酸中毒、低氧血症、高碳酸血症、机械通气、吸入高浓度氧等9项为早产儿颅内出血的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论早产儿颅内出血的高危因素较多,在早产儿的诊治过程中应予足够重视,从而提高预见性并在早期采取相应干预措施。
Objective To study the risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants and to explore the preventive measures of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Methods 134 cases of preterm infants with intracranial hemorrhage from January 2009 to December 2009 in NICU of Hunan Children’s Hospital were selected as the study group. 130 preterm infants without intracranial hemorrhage were selected as the control group, Factors univariate analysis of screening for high risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in preterm children. Results Univariate analysis showed that gestational age, birth weight, PIH, placenta previa, premature rupture of membranes, asphyxia at birth, umbilical cord around neck, intrauterine distress, apnea, metabolic acidosis, hypoxemia, high Cocaine, mechanical ventilation, inhalation of high concentrations of oxygen and other 14 and premature children intracranial hemorrhage (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis of these related factors to determine gestational age, birth weight, birth asphyxia, intrauterine distress, metabolic acidosis, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, mechanical ventilation, high concentration of oxygen inhalation, etc. 9 Preterm children with intracranial hemorrhage risk factors (P <0.05). Conclusion There are more risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants, which should be paid more attention in the diagnosis and treatment of premature infants, so as to improve the predictability and take corresponding interventions in the early stage.