以往的流行病学调查显示胃癌在世界肿瘤死亡率中处于第2位,而自20世纪70年代中期以来,胃癌的发病率在许多国家和地区已逐渐下降,特别是在美国和西方国家,而食管腺癌和贲门癌的发病率却逐年上升,在美国,贲门癌发病率每年上升约4%~5%,同时,食管鳞状细胞癌也急剧地向食管腺癌方向 Previous epidemiological surveys have shown that gastric cancer ranks second in the world’s cancer death rate, and since the mid-1970s, the incidence of gastric cancer has declined in many countries and regions, particularly in the United States and Western countries, whereas The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma and cardia cancer has increased year by year, in the United States, the incidence of cardiac cancer increased by about 4% to 5% per year, at the same time, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma also rapidly to the direction of esophageal adenocarcinoma