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目的:研究巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染后即刻早期基因转录及细胞结构的变化.方法:用HCMVAD169株感染人胚肺成纤维细胞,通过逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT－PCR)动态检测感染后不同时间HCMV即刻早期基因(IEG)MRNA转录,同时在电镜下观察细胞结构变化的特点.结果:HCMV感染细胞6HIEGMRNA开始转录,并持续到96H;感染初期(6~12H内)胞体肿胀,内质网(ER)囊腔膨大,12~24H可见典型的“猫头鹰眼”样包涵体,细胞变圆,晚期(48H后)细胞灶性脱落,胞质退缩,ER少见,核中见待出核的成熟病毒颗粒.结论:HCMVIEG在病毒复制过程中持续转录,并伴有细胞结构的病理变化,因此HCMVIEG可作为病毒活跃复制的监测指标.“,”Objective: Our paper was to study transcription of immediate early gene (IEG) and changes of the cell ultrastructure after human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. Methods: We observed the transcription of IEG by RT PCR successively and studied the changes of the cell structure by electric microscopy in cultured human embryonic lung fibroblasts infected with HCMV in vitro. Results: mRNA of IEG was detected as early as 6 hours after infection and had existed in the cells for 96 hours since the infection of HCMV. At the early stage of infection (6~12 h), the cisternae lumen of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) became dilated in the enlarged cell. The typical sign of inclusion bodies could be seen from 12 to 24 hour after infection of HCMV. Non uniform distribution of the ER system and the retraction of the ER network towards the cell nucleus could be observed at 48 hour after infection when mature virus was coming out from the nucleus. Conclusion: Transcription of IEG was associated with pathological changes of cell structure during the period of HCMV replication. Therefore IEG testing might be the marker of active replication of HCMV.