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19世纪拉美大陆兴起了一场创建小农制的改革运动。自由派仿效早期美国发展模式,希图通过建构小农制,改变农村土地结构,促进经济发展,走上现代化的快车道。但是,这场以分割印第安村社土地为主要内容的改革运动最后归于失败。而20世纪墨西哥等国以重建村社为中心的土地改革却获得了成功,从而推动了现代化进程。拉美国家的发展历程有力说明:凡是一条成功或比较成功的现代化道路,必定是现代因素与传统文化因素二者相反相成、双向作用的结果。任何一种单向思维只会导致“病态发展”或发展的停滞和倒退。
In the nineteenth century, the Latin American and Latin American continent launched a reform campaign to create a small-scale peasant system. Liberalism follows the pattern of early American development and hopes that it will embark on the fast track of modernization by building a small-scale peasant system, changing the structure of rural land and promoting economic development. However, the reform movement that focused on the division of Indian village communities ended up in failure. In the 20th century, land reform in Mexico and other countries centered on the reconstruction of village communities succeeded, thus promoting the process of modernization. The development history of Latin American countries is a strong demonstration that any successful or relatively successful modern road must be the result of the two-way interaction between modern and traditional cultural factors. Any kind of one-way thinking will only lead to stagnation and retrogression of “pathological development ” or development.