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目的了解2014年北京市公众对新生儿疾病筛查工作的知晓情况,分析和探讨影响知晓率的因素。方法采用自制的调查问卷随机调查1 237名在北京住院分娩的孕产妇或其丈夫,对结果进行比较分析。结果至住院分娩时有74.70%的受访者了解北京市开展了新生儿疾病筛查工作,较妊娠前明显提高;超过95%的受访者了解新生儿疾病筛查的益处,并知道如果筛查结果异常需及时就诊,但有较大比例的受访者对于筛查的病种及工作流程等细节不甚了解。居住地、文化程度和职业可能是影响公众新生儿疾病筛查知晓情况的因素;70.25%的受访者通过医护人员讲授获得新生儿疾病筛查信息;98.22%的受访者认为有必要开展新生儿疾病筛查工作;89.25%的受访者表示一定给孩子做筛查。结论北京市健康教育对新生儿疾病筛查目的和意义的介绍较充分,但对筛查工作细节宣教不足,且宣教效果受居住地及文化程度等因素的影响,有必要进一步调整宣教的时机并完善内容和形式。
Objective To understand the public awareness of neonatal screening in Beijing in 2014 and to analyze and explore the factors influencing awareness rate. Methods A total of 1 237 pregnant women and their husbands who were hospitalized and delivered in Beijing were surveyed by using self-made questionnaires. The results were compared and analyzed. Results When hospitalized, 74.70% of respondents knew that Beijing carried out screening of neonatal diseases, which was significantly higher than that before pregnancy. More than 95% of the respondents understood the benefits of neonatal screening and knew that if screening Check the results of abnormalities to be timely treatment, but a large proportion of respondents do not understand the details of the screening of diseases and work processes. The place of residence, education level and occupation may be the factors influencing the public awareness of disease screening of newborns; 70.25% of the respondents receive information about newborn disease screening through medical staff; 98.22% of respondents think it is necessary to carry out freshmen Children’s disease screening work; 89.25% of respondents said they must make screening for children. Conclusion The introduction of health education in Beijing on the purpose and significance of neonatal screening is more adequate. However, due to lack of education on details of screening and the effect of education on the place of residence and educational level, it is necessary to further adjust the timing of education Improve the content and form.