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选择位于湖南桃源的红壤旱地和稻田长期施肥田间定位试验,研究了不施肥(CK)、施NPK(NPK)、施NPK+稻草(NPK+Str)或施NPK+稻草+绿肥(NPK+Str+GM)对旱地和稻田土壤可培养细菌和真菌及土壤微生物生物量磷的影响。结果表明,在旱地土壤中,NPK+Str处理土壤可培养真菌数量和微生物生物量磷比CK和NPK处理显著增加,而CK、NPK和NPK+Str处理土壤可培养细菌基本相同。在稻田土壤中,NPK+Str+GM处理土壤可培养真菌和细菌数量及微生物生物量磷比CK和NPK处理均显著增加,但土壤可培养细菌数量的增加幅度明显大于可培养真菌。由此推断,施稻草后旱地土壤微生物生物量磷的增加可能主要来源于真菌,而施稻草和紫云英对稻田土壤中微生物生物量磷的增加可能主要来源于细菌。
The field experiment of long-term fertilization on red soil dryland and paddy field located in Taoyuan, Hunan Province was conducted to study the effects of NPK + NP, Effects of Bacteria and Fungi on Dry Soil and Paddy Soil Cultureable Soil Microbial Biomass Phosphorus. The results showed that in dryland soil, the amount of culturable fungi and microbial biomass phosphorus in NPK + Str treatments increased significantly compared with CK and NPK treatments, but CK, NPK and NPK + Str treatments were almost the same. In paddy soil, the amount of fungi and bacteria that could be cultured and the microbial biomass phosphorus of NPK + Str + GM treatment significantly increased compared with CK and NPK treatments, but the increase of soil culturable bacteria was obviously larger than that of culturable fungi. It was concluded that the increase of microbial biomass P in dryland soil after straw application may be mainly from fungi, while the increase of microbial biomass phosphorus in paddy soil may be mainly from bacteria.