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采用大田畦灌试验,研究花期和坐果期分别实施67%和33%的灌水量对河套地区加工番茄生长发育、产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:花期水分亏缺会使土壤电导率显著增大,而坐果期不明显。各调亏处理的硬度均显著增大,储藏性能得到了提高。调亏处理后口感品质指标(可溶性固形物、有机酸与糖酸比)和营养品质指标(维生素C、可溶性糖与番茄红素)平均值均高于充分灌溉处理,且随亏缺度加深而不同幅度增加,但只有可溶性固形物TSS和维生素C含量在重度亏缺时达到显著差异;在轻度亏缺下,坐果期处理优于花期,有效产量和水分生产率相对对照分别提高了10.25%和7.28%。在加工番茄果期实施67%灌水量的轻度亏缺,可以得到最高有效产量和水分生产率,且各外观品质、储藏品质、口感品质和营养品质均有所提高。
The experiment of field irrigation was conducted to study the effects of irrigation volume of 67% and 33% respectively on the growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato during the flowering and fruit setting stages. The results showed that water deficit at flowering stage could significantly increase soil electrical conductivity, but the fruit setting stage was not obvious. The hardness of each treatment adjusted significantly increased storage performance has been improved. After adjusting for deficit, the average quality parameters (soluble solids, organic acids and sugar to acid ratio) and nutritional quality indicators (vitamin C, soluble sugar and lycopene) were all higher than those under full irrigating treatment, But only soluble solids TSS and vitamin C content in severe deficit reached significant differences; mild deficit, the fruit set is better than florescence, effective yield and water productivity relative control were increased by 10.25% and 7.28%. In the processing of tomato fruit 67% of the implementation of the irrigation amount of the mild deficit, you can get the most effective yield and water productivity, and the appearance of quality, storage quality, taste and nutritional quality have improved.