欧洲人对黑非洲进行奴隶贸易和殖民统治的思想基础是种族主义,与此针锋相对的是黑人作家倡导民族独立的旗帜“黑人性”。黑非洲传统文学主要是口头文学,其主题往往是部落史和家族史。产生于20世纪的黑非洲现代文学,形式上由传统的口头文学转变为现代的书面文学,内容上由传统的部落传说转变为现代的民族启蒙,与白人殖民文化压制下黑人的民族认同密不可分。当黑人拥有了书面表达方式和民族自信时,黑非洲现代文学就诞生了。 The ideological foundation of Europeans’ slave trade and colonial rule over Black Africa is racism, which is diametrically opposed to the banner of “black sex” advocated by black writers for national independence. The main themes of black African traditional literature are oral literature, which are often tribal and family history. The black African modern literature, which originated in the 20th century, was formally transformed from traditional oral literature into modern written literature. Its contents were transformed from traditional tribal legends to modern enlightenment. It was inseparable from the black identity under the suppression of white colonial culture. When black people have written expression and national self-confidence, modern African black literature was born.