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胰岛淀粉样蛋白 (IA)是 2型糖尿病 (DM)人的胰岛特征性病理改变 ,其主要成分为胰岛淀粉样蛋白多肽 (IAPP) ,IA的形成可能与胰岛B细胞蛋白内切酶活性降低有关。临床研究提示IA沉积和胰岛素分泌能力下降相关 ,在DM动物的发生过程中IA出现先于血糖升高。实验研究发现IA原纤维对胰岛细胞有毒性作用。此外 ,IA沉积还可减少胰岛血供和直接侵害胰岛细胞 ,损伤胰岛功能。因此 ,IA在 2型DM中的地位和作用有待重新认识。
Islet amyloid protein (IA) is a characteristic pathological change in human islets of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Its main component is islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). The formation of IA may be related to the decrease of islet B cell endonuclease activity . Clinical studies suggest that IA deposition is associated with a decreased ability to secrete insulin, with IA occurring prior to hyperglycemia in DM animals. Experimental study found that IA fibrils have toxic effects on islet cells. In addition, IA deposition can also reduce the islet blood supply and direct damage to islet cells, damage islet function. Therefore, the status and role of IA in Type 2 DM needs to be re-recognized.