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以往在讨论中古英国的“有限王权”法治模式时,王权与法律的关系是主要切入点。传统宪政史学者及其当代反思者惯于将王权视为外在于普通法,忽视了国王在司法过程中角色的多面性,因而容易得出中古英国“王在法下”或“王高于法”的简单结论。在民事诉讼中,作为正义给予者、原告或被告的国王,其与普通法的相对地位是不同的,受到法律制约的程度也有异;国王在诉讼中的地位是普通法基本机制的运作结果。国王诉讼角色的复杂性体现了国王的不同能力,是“王有两体”观念在司法过程中的反映;“王有两体”观念因而契合王权与法律关系的讨论。
In the past to discuss Middle Kingdom “limited monarchy ” rule of law mode, the relationship between monarchy and law is the main entry point. The traditional constitutional history scholars and their contemporary reflectors are accustomed to regard the monarchy as the external to the common law and neglect the multi-facetedness of the king in the judicial process. Therefore, it is easy to draw the conclusion that the medieval kingdom “king under the law” or “king” above Law “a simple conclusion. In civil lawsuits, the king as the giver of justice, the plaintiff or defendant is different from the common law in common law and the degree of restriction by law. The status of the king in litigation is the result of the operation of common law basic mechanism. The complexity of the role of the king’s litigation reflects the different abilities of the king and is a reflection of the concept of ”king and two bodies“ in the judicial process. The concept of ”king and two bodies" thus meets the discussion of the relationship between the king and the law.