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目的了解温州市流动儿童来源、分布特征、变动趋势和预防接种服务提供情况,为改善预防接种服务,制订有效的流动儿童免疫预防管理模式提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对温州市2005-2009年流动儿童调查资料、预防接种服务人员和服务形式进行分析;调查19个乡镇、159个村,了解流动儿童预防接种服务情况、流动人口管理人员参与预防接种服务情况。结果温州市流动儿童以外省户籍为主,占总数的76.5%~80.5%;分布广泛,除海岛、山区外8个县(市、区)均为流动儿童聚集县。免疫规划人员配置与结构不合理,2009年底人员配置比为1.1/万,专职人员占79.7%;专业技术人员占55.3%,高级、中级和初级职称人员分别占0.2%、5.3%和49.8%,无职称人员占44.7%。通过规范化接种门诊建设,逐步推行按日、按周接种,建立常规查漏补种等措施,有效改善了预防接种服务,但流动儿童的免疫规划管理不容乐观。结论温州市免疫规划服务能力已不能适应社会、经济发展和人口流动的新形势。应加强免疫规划服务体系建设,改善预防接种形式,加强部门配合,逐步提高服务能力和服务质量。
Objective To understand the origins, distribution characteristics, changing trends and immunization services of migrant children in Wenzhou City, and to provide basis for improving immunization services and formulating an effective immunization prevention management model for migrant children. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the survey data, vaccination service personnel and service forms of migrant children from 2005 to 2009 in Wenzhou City. The survey investigated 19 villages and 159 villages and learned about the vaccination services for migrant children. The floating population managers, Participate in vaccination services. Results The migrant children in Wenzhou City were mainly from other provinces, accounting for 76.5% ~ 80.5% of the total population. In addition to the island and mountainous areas, 8 counties (cities and districts) were migrant children gathering counties. The staffing structure and structure of the immunization program were irrational. At the end of 2009, staffing ratio was 1.1 / million, full-time staff accounted for 79.7%, professional and technical staff accounted for 55.3%, senior, intermediate and junior titles accounted for 0.2%, 5.3% and 49.8% respectively, No job title accounted for 44.7%. Immunization planning and management of migrant children are not optimistic through standardized vaccination clinic construction, gradual implementation of daily inoculation, weekly immunization and the establishment of routine leak detection and replanting measures to effectively improve vaccination services. Conclusion The ability of immunization planning service in Wenzhou City has been unable to adapt to the new situation of social development, economic development and population migration. We should step up the construction of immunization planning and service system, improve the form of vaccination and strengthen cooperation with departments so as to gradually improve service capability and service quality.