本文对比研究了长江中游几类洪泛区 (江心洲、洲滩和圩垸等 )的洪水沉积物和剖面土壤的钾素营养状况。结果表明 ,相对于洪泛区耕层 (表层 )或剖面土壤的钾素状况 ,洪水沉积物的覆盖能丰富表土的钾素营养 ,显著增加表土的速效钾和缓效钾含量 ,且速效钾的增幅大于缓效钾 ,而对全钾无明显影响。沉积物对土壤钾素状况的影响与其颗粒组成、有机质含量、CEC和土地利用方式等因素有关。沉积物和土壤的钾素状况与粘粒含量 (<0 0 1mm)呈显著正相关 ,与砂粒部分呈负相关 ;有机质和CEC对土壤钾素的有效性有一定影响 ;而洪泛区土地利用方式与耕层土壤钾素的消耗有关 This paper comparatively studies the potassium nutrition of flood sediment and profile soil in several floodplain areas (such as Jiangxinzhou, The results show that the coverage of flood sediment can enrich the topsoil’s potassium nutrition, increase the available potassium and slow-acting potassium content of topsoil significantly, and the increase of quick-acting potassium relative to the potassium status of topsoil or profile soil in floodplain Greater than slow potassium, potassium and no significant effect. The effect of sediment on soil potassium status is related to its grain composition, organic matter content, CEC and land use patterns. The K status in sediments and soils was positively correlated with the clay content (<0 0 1mm) and negatively correlated with the sand fraction. The organic matter and CEC had an impact on the availability of soil K, while the land use The method is related to the depletion of soil potassium in the topsoil