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目的探索社区孕早期(孕12周以内)妇女心理症状,需求及影响因素,为下一步结合全科医师家庭责任制的开展及对孕早期妇女心理干预提供有效的基础。方法采取症状自评量表SCL-90及SAS评分,对孕早期各项心理指标进行评分,并分析孕早期妇女心理需求和影响因素。结果 292例孕早期妇女在SCL-90总分及多项因子评分低于全国常模(2006);孕早期妇女不同的户籍、学历、独生子女情况、住房条件、工作环境、妊娠反应、流产史、紧张焦虑自我感觉等状况会影响SCL-90和/或因子的得分(P<0.01,P<0.05);多元线性回归分析结果显示,有紧张焦虑自我感觉者、妊娠反应中重度者、非独生子女、住房条件一般孕妇SCL-90评分更容易得高分。SAS评分达到50分(轻度焦虑)以上的对象占17.11%。结论社区部分孕早期妇女较明显的存在一定的心理症状问题,尤其对于外来户籍、住房条件一般者、有过流产史者,自述有紧张焦虑感的孕早期妇女,更需要签约全科医师给予规范有效的心理辅导等干预,促进孕早期妇女和胎儿的健康。
Objective To explore the psychological symptoms, needs and influential factors of women in the first trimester of pregnancy (within 12 weeks of pregnancy), and to provide an effective basis for the next step in carrying out the family responsibility system for general practitioners and psychological intervention for pregnant women in the early stage. Methods SCL-90 and SAS scores were used to score the psychological indicators during the first trimester of pregnancy and to analyze psychological needs and influencing factors of pregnant women in early pregnancy. Results The scores of SCL-90 and multiple factors in 292 pregnant women in early pregnancy were lower than those in the national standard (2006). The first trimester women had different registrations, educational background, only child status, housing conditions, working environment, pregnancy response and abortion history (P <0.01, P <0.05). The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that those with stress and anxiety self-perception, severe pregnancy reaction, non-only child Female, housing conditions General pregnant women SCL-90 score is more likely to get high scores. Subjects with a SAS score of 50 (mild anxiety) accounted for 17.11%. Conclusion Some pregnant women in the early part of the community are more likely to have certain psychologic symptoms. Especially for those who have migrant children and have housing conditions in general, those with early history of miscarriage and self-reported stress and anxiety need to be contracted by a general practitioner Effective counseling and other interventions to promote the health of pregnant women and fetuses in early pregnancy.