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为了揭示北方杂交粳稻亲本的遗传背景,利用微卫星(SSR)分子标记对北方杂交粳稻亲本及其高代后续材料进行了遗传差异鉴定和籼性程度分析。26对SSR引物共扩增出71个等位基因,每对引物平均等位基因数为2.73个。用非加权类平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析,供试材料在相似系数0.66处可分成5组,各组间材料的遗传差异相对较大;64个恢复系材料的籼性程度参数值(ADi)的变幅为0.056～0.684;24个不育系材料ADi的变幅为0.087～0.381。分析表明,强优势杂交粳稻组合双亲之间遗传距离应在0.30～0.60,恢复系的ADi应在0.26～0.50,不育系的ADi不应高于0.20,杂交组合的ADi应在0.20～0.40,同时杂交粳稻组合优势受母本的遗传背景的影响较大,母本自身应具有较高的产量潜力。
In order to reveal the genetic background of japonica hybrid parents in northern China, genetic differentiation and indica analysis of north hybrid japonica rice parents and their subsequent generations were conducted using microsatellite markers (SSR). A total of 26 SSR primers amplified 71 alleles, with an average of 2.73 alleles per pair. The results of cluster analysis with UPGMA showed that the genetic diversity of the tested materials was relatively high at the similarity coefficient of 0.66, ADi) ranged from 0.056 to 0.684. The ADi amplitudes of 24 sterile lines ranged from 0.087 to 0.381. The analysis showed that the genetic distance between the parents with strong heterosis in japonica hybrid rice should be 0.30-0.60, the ADi in the restorer line should be 0.26-0.50, the ADi in the sterile line should not be higher than 0.20, and the ADi in the hybrid combination should be 0.20-0.40, At the same time, the combination superiority of japonica hybrid rice was greatly influenced by the genetic background of the female parent, and the female parent should have a higher yield potential.