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目的 :探讨上颌前牙区2种即刻种植术对牙槽骨长度、软硬组织的影响及手术的安全性。方法 :选取2014年8月—2015年8月在我院接受上颌前牙区即刻种植术的患者160例,随机分为翻瓣组(80例)和不翻瓣组(80例),分别运用翻瓣和不翻瓣即刻种植义齿修复,随访1年,观察2组牙槽骨长度、软硬组织变化及手术并发症。采用SPSS17.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果 :翻瓣组种植体成功63例,不翻瓣组为78例,成功率分别为78.75%和97.5%,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。2组患者均出现疼痛、出血、肿胀等并发症,翻瓣组分别为23.75%、16.25%、20%,总发生率为60%;不翻瓣组分别为11.25%、6.25%、8.75%,总发生率为26.25%,2组差异显著(P<0.05)。治疗后2组患者龈沟深度差异无显著性(P>0.05);牙槽骨长度和嵴顶吸收均较种植前下降,且2组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:不翻瓣即刻种植在降低牙槽骨长度和手术并发症,以及改善软、硬组织等方面均优于翻瓣组,具有良好的临床效果及安全性。
Objective: To investigate the effects of two kinds of immediate implantation in maxillary anterior area on alveolar bone length, soft and hard tissue and surgical safety. Methods: A total of 160 patients undergoing immediate maxillary anterior maxilla implantation in our hospital from August 2014 to August 2015 were randomly divided into two groups: the flap group (80 cases) and the flap-free group (80 cases) The flap and the flap were implants immediately. The patients were followed up for 1 year. The alveolar bone length, the changes of the soft and hard tissue and the complication of the operation were observed. SPSS17.0 software package for statistical analysis of the data. Results: 63 cases were successful in flap group and 78 cases in flap group, the successful rates were 78.75% and 97.5% respectively, the difference was significant (P <0.05). The incidence of pain, bleeding, swelling and other complications in the two groups were 23.75%, 16.25% and 20%, respectively, with a total incidence of 60% and 11.25%, 6.25% and 8.75% The total incidence was 26.25%, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in gingival sulcus depth between the two groups after treatment (P> 0.05). The length of alveolar bone and crest absorption decreased compared with that before planting, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Immediate flap-free implantation is superior to flip flap in reducing alveolar bone length and surgical complications, improving soft and hard tissues, and has good clinical effect and safety.