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中耳胆脂瘤的发生有多种机理,有时可见鼓膜仍是完整的。作者用蒙古沙土鼠做实验,观察鼓膜上皮及皮下组织变化,研究此种胆脂瘤形成机制。结果证实,如鼓膜外层有角蛋白蓄积,日久即可导致鼓膜内出现胆脂瘤。结扎实验动物的外耳道可诱发该侧鼓膜内陷,在电镜下可见鼓膜外表面上皮增厚,角化加剧。常有由基底细胞构成的锥形细胞团块向皮下组织伸展。先是该处基膜逐渐消失,邻近基底细胞伸出伪足,内侵到胶原纤维和成纤维细胞周围;基膜裂孔周围尚可见多形核白细胞浸润。有时,基膜大片消失,上皮细胞侵入固有膜深层形成上皮团块,但无郎罕氏细胞。
Occurred in the middle ear cholesteatoma a variety of mechanisms, and sometimes can be seen that the eardrum is still intact. The author used Mongolian gerbils to experiment and observed the changes of tympanic epithelium and subcutaneous tissue to study the formation mechanism of this cholesteatoma. The results confirmed that if the outer layer of keratoconus keratin accumulation, over time can lead to cholecystitis appear within the tympanic membrane. Ligation of experimental animals in the external auditory meatus can induce lateral tympanic retraction, under the electron microscope can be seen on the outer surface of the tympanic membrane epithelium thickening, keratosis worsened. Often composed of basal cells of the pyramidal cell mass to the subcutaneous tissue stretch. First, the basement membrane gradually disappeared, near the basal cells extending pseudopodia, invasion into the collagen fibers and fibroblasts around; basement membrane around the hole is still visible polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration. Sometimes, the large basement membrane disappears, epithelial cells invade the deep layers of epithelial cells forming epithelial masses, but no Langham’s cells.