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以我国北方地区具有一定耐涝和抗旱能力的20种草本植物为试材,采用环境胁迫试验,研究了干旱、水淹、盐溶液、重金属溶液处理对花卉各项生长指标的影响。结果表明:4个不同处理组的花卉株高、冠幅、叶片数量、存活时间相对于对照组均出现极显著(P<0.01)的抑制作用,抑制程度的排序为干旱处理组>水淹处理组>盐溶液处理组>重金属处理组,3个生长指标对不同处理的敏感程度排序为株高>叶片数量>冠幅。多年生花卉和多年生做一年生栽培的花卉相对于一年生花卉对各种环境胁迫具有更强的耐受性。根据花卉在不同环境胁迫下的反应进行了综合评价和筛选,蓝亚麻、婆婆那、花葱等多年生花卉在综合胁迫下受到的抑制最小,最能适应雨水花园极端的环境条件。
Twenty species of herbaceous plants with some waterlogging and drought resistance in the northern part of China were used as experimental materials. Environmental stress experiments were conducted to study the effects of drought, flooding, salt solution and heavy metal solution treatment on the growth indexes of flowers. The results showed that the plant height, crown width, leaf number and survival time of four different treatment groups were significantly (P <0.01) inhibited compared with the control group. The order of inhibition was drought treatment group> flooding treatment Group> salt solution treatment> heavy metal treatment group, the sensitivity of three growth indexes to different treatments ranked as height> number of leaves> crown width. Perennial flowers and perennial annuals are more tolerant to environmental stresses than annual flowers. According to the response of flowers under different environmental stresses, the comprehensive evaluation and screening were carried out. The perennial flowers such as blue flax, grandmother, flower and onion were the least restrained under comprehensive stress and could adapt most to the extreme environmental conditions of rainwater garden.