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目的研究我国当前青少年骨发育状况,制订专用于法医学推断男性刑事责任年龄14岁的骨龄标准。方法以湖南冷水江地区青少年为对象,按照纳入标准,选取14岁±3个月的健康男性中学生103名,拍摄其左手腕部后前位X线片。选择手腕骨15个部位,按照统一标准进行观察、测量,采用最大百分比法确定发育等级标准,建立骨龄评估方法,以单盲法进行验证。结果除第一掌骨、近节第四指骨骨骺发育等级为部分闭合外,其他均为未闭合;对于第四、五掌骨和近三指骨,不足14岁组以未闭合为主,已满14岁组以部分闭合为主。各个观察部位骨骺横径宽于干骺横径。30例的验证结果准确率为80.0%。结论根据发育等级特征及测量学方法建立骨龄评估标准可行,可望得到推广。本文以刑事责任年龄14周岁为对象,制订法医学专业骨龄推断标准,并引入测量学方法,辅助推断年龄。
Objective To study the current status of bone development in adolescents in China and to develop a bone age standard specifically for forensic science to infer the male criminal responsibility age of 14 years. Methods Adolescents in Lengshuijiang area of Hunan Province were enrolled. According to the inclusion criteria, 103 healthy male middle school students aged 14 ± 3 months were selected and the anterior radiographs of the left wrist were taken. Fifteen parts of the wrist bones were selected and observed and measured according to a uniform standard. The maximum percentage method was used to determine the developmental level standards. The bone age assessment method was established and validated by single blind method. Results In addition to the first metacarpal, proximal fourth section of the epiphysis epiphysis developmental level is partially closed, the other are not closed; for the fourth and fifth metacarpal and nearly three phalanges, less than 14-year-old group was mainly closed, 14 years old Group to partially closed mainly. Epiphysis in all observation sites wider than the diameter of the epiphyseal transverse diameter. The validation results of 30 cases were 80.0%. Conclusion According to the developmental level features and measurement methods to establish the evaluation criteria of bone age is feasible, is expected to be promoted. In this paper, the criminal responsibility of 14 years of age as the object, the development of forensic medicine bone age estimation criteria, and the introduction of measurement methods to help infer the age.