“界面”是我国传统绘画的画科之一,在唐、宋时有过一段辉煌的发展时期。元朝的陶宗仪在《辍耕录》一书中,将绘画分为“十三科”,其中就有“界画楼台”一项。界面是专门表现建筑物的绘画,故而和建筑物是密切不可分的,最初的界画作品大概就是建筑物的设计图。比如秦始皇灭掉六国统一后,曾派人专门到各国都城将宫殿的式样描画下来,然后在秦国国都咸阳仿造。这些宫殿的图样,可以算作是早期的界画作品了,只是可惜那些图画没有能够流传下来。绘制界画作品费时费工,作画者又需要懂得工程营造的知识,所以这项技艺到了明、清文人绘画大为流行时,已不为一般画家所掌握,几乎成为绝响,擅 “Interface” is one of the traditional subjects of painting in our country. During the Tang and Song Dynasties there was a period of brilliant development. Tao Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty in the book “stop cultivation” in the painting is divided into “thirteen subjects”, of which there is a “boundary painting tower” one. The interface is a drawing of a building, and therefore it is closely related to the building. The first boundary painting is probably the design of a building. For example, after the First Qin Emperor destroyed the reunification of the six countries, he once sent people to specifically describe the style of the palace in the capitals of various countries and then imitated Xianyang in the Qin States. The patterns of these palaces can be regarded as early paintings, but it is a pity that the pictures can not be handed down. It takes time and labor to draw the boundary-crossing works. The artist needs to know the knowledge created by the works. Therefore, when the technique of drawing is popular, the scholars of the Qing Dynasty are no longer mastered by ordinary painters.